内容阅读

在知识库中专注阅读，并随时返回相关工具与课程

安装部署112 分钟阅读

南大通用 GBASE 8s V8.8 最全安装指南（一网打尽）

大家好，这里是公众号 DBA学习之路，分享一些学习国产数据库路上的知识和经验。 @TOC目录近期，南大通用 GBase 8s 数据库新一期的 GDCA 认证开启火热报名：培训预告 2024十月GBase 8s认证培训班开始报名啦~https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/uKv167z9vreni-9FMmQVwQ，通读了官方文档安装部署教程，经过自己的总结后，分享出来一起学习。

2024年10月10日

database

大家好，这里是公众号 DBA学习之路，分享一些学习国产数据库路上的知识和经验。

前言

本章目标：掌握本章核心知识点 前置要求：完成前序章节学习 预计时长：60 分钟

近期，南大通用 GBase 8s 数据库新一期的 GDCA 认证开启火热报名：培训预告 | 2024十月GBase 8s认证培训班开始报名啦~，通读了官方文档安装部署教程，经过自己的总结后，分享出来一起学习。

本文详尽的记录了 GBase 8s 数据库的安装部署方式以及实战演示，几乎做到了一网打尽，内容较长，希望大家可以耐心看完，建议收藏！！！

介绍

GBase 8s 是天津南大通用数据技术股份有限公司自主研发的、成熟稳定的基于共享存储的数据库集群，拥有自主知识产权。产品达到安全数据库四级标准（国际 B2），支持国密算法，支持 SQL92/99、ODBC、JDBC、ADO.NET、GCI(OCI/OCCI)、Python 接口等国际数据库规范和开发接口。支持集中式部署、共享存储高可用部署、两地三中心高可用部署，具备高容量、高并发、高性能等特性。

GBase 8s 适用于 OLTP 应用场景，包括金融、电信行业的关键核心业务系统，安全、党政、国防等行业对信息安全性有较高要求的信息系统，以及大型企业的经营类、管理类信息系统，能够提供 7*24 小时不间断运行处理能力，在 80% 以上场景中可以替代国际主流数据库。

在两次国测报告中，都可以见到 GBase 数据库的身影：

厂商	国测产品名称	数据库产品	安可级别	国测批次	类型
南大通用	南大通用GBase	南大通用安全数据库管理系统 GBase 8s V8.8	1	1	集中
南大通用	南大通用GBase	GBase 8a MPP Cluster V9	1	2	分布
南大通用	南大通用GBase	GBase 8c (openGauss 生态分布式)		无	分布

由此可知，GBase 数据库还是很值得学习的！

安装包下载

Gbase 8s V8.8 数据库安装包可以在 GBase 官网 直接下载：

Gbase 8s V8.8 x86 的数据库安装介质下载地址：GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64.zip

下载完成后的安装包大概 400 多 M，查看 md5 值：

Bash

1╭─lucifer@Lucifer-7 ~/Downloads
2╰─$ md5sum GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64.zip
38bdd91c0aeb6d6f1a6897c3fd7537cea  GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64.zip

解压之后有以下文件：

Bash

1╭─lucifer@Lucifer-7 ~/Downloads/GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64
2╰─$ ll
3total 1038320
4-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 lucifer  staff    21K  7 31 17:32 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh
5-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 lucifer  staff   330M  8 13 10:27 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar
6-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 lucifer  staff   177M  8 13 10:26 clientsdk_3.5.1_3X1.tar
7-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 lucifer  staff   2.6K  7 31 17:32 readme.txt
8
9╭─lucifer@Lucifer-7 ~/Downloads/GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64
10╰─$ md5sum GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar
110dfa4fd3d97a4e9824f37b67b06e3002  GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar

查看 readme 文档可以发现一些安装提示：

安装预置条件 1）确保安装包和平台适配 2）安装依赖包：jdk(1.6版本以上)、unzip、libaio、libgcc、libstdc、ncurses、pam，如果缺失请提前安装

这里暂时只关注安装前的配置条件，关于 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 脚本在下面安装的一键安装的章节再讲，这里暂且不表。

安装前准备

环境信息：

主机名	版本	CPU	内存	硬盘	IP地址
gbase8s	rhel7.9	x86	8G	100G	192.168.6.96

GBase 8s 的数据库组件安装完成后，大约有 500M，但存储物理日志，逻辑日志，智能大对象，临时数据和事务数据都需要使用磁盘存储空间，建议至少有 10G 以上的磁盘空闲空间。

官方文档中对于系统主机的要求并不多，只需要创建数据库安装用户以及安装目录，上传安装包即可进行安装。

关闭防火墙

这里还是建议关闭防火墙的，因为之前参与过 GBase 8s 新版本测试，如果不关闭防火墙，会有很多不必要的麻烦，所以还是关了吧：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
2[root@gbase8s ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
3Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
4Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

关闭 SELINUX

建议关闭 SELNUX，防止造成一些不必要的问题：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# setenforce 0
2[root@gbase8s ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
3[root@gbase8s ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config | grep SELINUX=
4# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
5SELINUX=disabled

配置 hosts 文件

这个也是很必要的，比如配置 GEM 就需要查找 hosts 文件：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# cat<<-EOF>>/etc/hosts
2192.168.6.96 gbase8s
3EOF
4
5[root@gbase8s ~]# cat /etc/hosts
6127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
7::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
8192.168.6.96 gbase8s

创建组和用户

GBase 8s 数据库需要一个名字为 gbasedbt 的操作系统用户，做为数据库的超级用户。官方文档建议在安装前创建好 gbasedbt 组和 gbasedbt 用户：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# groupadd gbasedbt
2[root@gbase8s soft]# useradd -g gbasedbt gbasedbt
3
4## 修改 gbasedbt 用户密码为 gbasedbt
5[root@gbase8s soft]# echo "gbasedbt:gbasedbt" | chpasswd
6
7## 检查是否创建成功
8[root@gbase8s ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep gbasedbt
9gbasedbt:x:1001:1001::/home/gbasedbt:/bin/bash

📢注意：如果我们在安装时，没有提前创建这个用户，在安装过程中，会提示要创建这个用户，并输入密码。不过在安装过程中创建的用户，没有创建一个新的目录做为 gbasedbt 的Home，这可能导致在后续的创建数据库实例时，无法自动生成实例的环境变量。

创建安装目录及授权

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# mkdir -p /opt/GBASE/gbase
2[root@gbase8s soft]# chown -R gbasedbt:gbasedbt /opt/GBASE

检查依赖项

在安装包的 readme 中对依赖包有一定的要求，安装依赖包：jdk(1.6版本以上)、unzip、libaio、libgcc、libstdc、ncurses、pam，如果缺失请提前安装：

Bash

1## 查看 jdk 版本，1.8 符合要求
2[root@gbase8s ~]# java -version
3openjdk version "1.8.0_262"
4OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_262-b10)
5OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.262-b10, mixed mode)
6
7## 依赖包均已安装
8[root@gbase8s ~]# rpm -q unzip libaio libgcc libstdc ncurses pam
9unzip-6.0-21.el7.x86_64
10libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
11libgcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64
12package libstdc is not installed
13ncurses-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64
14pam-1.1.8-23.el7.x86_64

上传安装包

上传安装包到 /soft 目录下：

1[root@gbase8s soft]# ll
2-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     21797 Oct 10 12:52 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh
3-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 346408960 Oct 10 12:52 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar
4
5## 解压缩 tar 安装包
6[root@gbase8s soft]# tar -xf GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar 
7[root@gbase8s soft]# ll
8-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     21797 Oct 10 12:52 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh
9drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root        77 Jul 31 14:07 doc
10-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 346408960 Oct 10 12:52 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar
11-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 346290703 Jul 31 14:16 ids_install
12-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      1864 Jul 31 14:16 ids.properties
13-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     82770 Jul 31 14:16 onsecurity

以上都准备好之后，就可以进行 GBase 8s 数据库的安装了。

GBase 8s 安装

GBase 8s 数据库安装，支持图形界面方式和控制台的命令行方式。默认的安装方式是控制台命令行方式。如果希望使用图形界面安装，只需要在启动安装程序时，后面加上参数 ./ids_install -i swing 即可。

安装过程中，会显示产品的 License，内容较长：

在控制台的命令行方式中，可以连续按 5 次回车。
在图形界面方式中，需要用鼠标拉动界面右侧的滚动条到底部，就可以点那个复选框，确认 License 了。

典型安装

安装 GBase 8s 软件

图形化安装

在 root 用户下，进入安装包目录，运行安装命令 sh ids_install，启动安装程序即可：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh ids_install -i swing
2Preparing to install...
3Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...
4Unpacking the JRE...
5Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...
6Configuring the installer for this system's environment...
7
8Launching installer...

启动图形化安装程序：

注意，这里需要把许可协议拉到底才可以选择接受：

选择安装目录：

选择典型安装（安装所有组件），这里如果选择自定义安装，就是可以选择安装哪些组件：

不创建数据库实例：

开始安装：

至此，GBase 8s 数据库的组件，全部安装完成。

命令行安装

在 root 用户下，进入安装包目录，运行安装命令 sh ids_install -i console（命令行不指定 -i 也可以），启动安装程序即可：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh ids_install -i console
2Preparing to install...
3Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...
4Unpacking the JRE...
5Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...
6Configuring the installer for this system's environment...
7
8Launching installer...
9
10===============================================================================
11GBase Software Bundle                            (created with InstallAnywhere)
12-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13
14Preparing CONSOLE Mode Installation...
15
16
17
18
19===============================================================================
20Getting Started
21---------------
22
23This application  will guide you through the installation of GBase Software 
24Bundle.
25Copyright General Data Corporation 2014, 2024. All rights reserved.
26
271. Release Notes
28The Release Notes can be found in /soft/doc/ids_unix_relnotes_12.10.html.
292. Launch Information Center
30Access the GBase Information Center at http://www.gbase.cn.
31To Begin Installation, respond to each prompt to proceed to the next step in 
32the installation.
33If you want to change something on a previous step, type 'back'.
34You may cancel this installation at any time by typing 'quit'.
35
36
37PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE:

回车继续下一步安装：

Bash

1## 这一步全都是 License 协议相关内容，不做演示，一路回车直接跳过
2
3===============================================================================
4License Agreement
5-----------------
6
7Installation and Use of GBase Software Bundle Requires Acceptance of the 
8Following License Agreement:
9
10Thank you for choosing GBase product!
11
12...
13...
14...
15
16
17DO YOU ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT? (Y/N): Y

选择安装目录，由于我们创建的安装目录就是 /opt/GBASE/gbase，所以直接回车即可：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Installation Location
3---------------------
4
5Choose location for software installation.
6
7  Default Install Folder: /opt/GBASE/gbase
8
9ENTER AN ABSOLUTE PATH, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT
10      :

安装程序支持典型安装和自定义安装方式，我们选择典型安装（默认），回车下一步：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Installation or Distribution
3----------------------------
4
5Select the installation type.
6
7Typical: Install the database server with all features and a database server 
8that
9is configured with default values. Includes:
10** Client Software Development Kit (CSDK)
11** Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)
12Minimum disk space required: 700-800MB
13
14Custom: Install the database server with specific features and software that 
15you need.
16Optionally install a configured database server instance.
17Minimum disk space required: 75 MB (without a server instance)
18
19  ->1- Typical installation
20    2- Custom installation
21    3- Extract the product files (-DLEGACY option)
22
23ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT::

在安装过程中，可以自动创建一个数据库的实例。由于典型安装中创建的实例在配置上非常简单，不适合后期深入的学习 GBase 8s，因此我们选择不创建实例，在安装后，可以手动执行一个脚本，可以很方便的创建一个新的数据库实例。所以这里选择不创建数据库实例，输入 2，回车下一步：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Server Instance Creation
3------------------------
4
5Create a server instance?
6
7  ->1- Yes - create an instance
8    2- No - do not create an instance
9
10ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT:: 2
11# 重要说明：
12# 这个选择很重要，选择不创建实例，不但可以减少你的整体安装时间，也会让你对这款数据库，有更深入地了解。
13# 安装过程中，自动创建一个数据库实例，在个别情况下，可能出现安装后，不能创建数据库现象（执行 create database 卡住，一段时间后报错退出）。这个问题的原因是sqlhosts 文件中使用了机器名，需要我们修改成服务器的 IP 地址，并重启数据库，就可以解决。也许有其它好的解决方法，不过这是我目前知道的一个方法，而且好用。

安装程序给出一个报告，列出了本次将要安装的数据库组件，按回车将继续安装：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Installation Summary
3--------------------
4
5Please review the following before continuing:
6
7Product Name:
8    GBase Software Bundle
9
10Install Folder:
11    /opt/GBASE/gbase
12
13Product Features:
14    GBase database server,
15    Base Server,
16    Extensions and tools,
17    J/Foundation,
18    Database extensions,
19    Conversion and reversion support,
20    XML publishing,
21    Demonstration database scripts,
22    Enterprise Replication,
23    Data loading utilities,
24    onunload and onload utilities,
25    dbload utility,
26    Backup and Restore,
27    archecker utility,
28    ON-Bar utility,
29    Interface to Tivoli Storage Manager,
30    Administrative utilities,
31    Performance monitoring utilities,
32    Miscellaneous monitoring utilities,
33    Auditing utilities,
34    Database import and export utilities,
35    JSON Client Support,
36    Global Language Support (GLS),
37    Chinese
38
39Disk Space Information (for Installation Target): 
40    Required:  578,902,678 Bytes
41    Available: 92,369,674,240 Bytes
42
43PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE:

安装程序再次让用户确认安装程序的位置，回车继续下一步：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Ready To Install
3----------------
4
5InstallAnywhere is now ready to install GBase Software Bundle onto your system 
6at the following location:
7
8   /opt/GBASE/gbase
9
10PRESS <ENTER> TO INSTALL:

等待几分钟后安装完成：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Installing...
3-------------
4
5 [==================|==================|==================|==================]
6 [------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------]
7
8
9
10===============================================================================
11Installation Complete
12---------------------
13
14Congratulations! GBase Software Bundle installation is complete.
15
16Product install status:
17GBase: Successful
18GBase Connect: Successful
19
20GBase 8s V8.8
21
22
23For more information about using GBase products, see the GBase Information 
24Center at http://www.gbase.cn.
25
26PRESS <ENTER> TO EXIT THE INSTALLER: 
27[root@gbase8s soft]#

回车退出安装程序，至此，GBase 8s 数据库的组件，全部安装完成。

静默安装

生成响应文件

执行静默安装（又称为无人管理的安装），必须使用响应文件，其中包含关于想要如何进行该产品安装的信息。

响应文件的获取方式有两种：

执行 GBase 8s 安装脚本，录制模板生成响应文件：./ids_install -r /soft/bundle.properties，安装完成后，将在 /soft 路径下生成响应文件 bundle.properties。
参考安装介质中的 bundle.properties 初始配置文件，创建一个自己的安装配置文件。

📢 注意：请不要对安装介质中的 bundle.properties 文件进行重写、移动或删除。

这里我使用录制模板生成响应文件的方式创建了一个响应文件：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh ids_install -i swing -r /soft/bundle.properties
2Preparing to install...
3Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...
4Unpacking the JRE...
5Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...
6Configuring the installer for this system's environment...
7
8Launching installer...

查看生成后的响应文件内容：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)" /soft/bundle.properties 
2USER_INSTALL_DIR=/opt/GBASE/gbase
3UNIX_INSTALLTYPE_SELECT=DEFAULT
4LICENSE_ACCEPTED=TRUE
5USER_INSTALL_DIR=/opt/GBASE/gbase
6IDS_INSTALL_TYPE=TYPICAL
7DIR_SEC_SEL_BOOLEAN_1=<null>
8DIR_SEC_SEL_BOOLEAN_2=<null>
9DIR_SEC_SEL_BOOLEAN_3=<null>

后续可以直接使用这个响应文件来安装 GBase 8s 软件。

静默安装 GBase 8s 软件

运行静默安装命令，指示响应文件的相对或绝对路径：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh ids_install -i silent -f /soft/bundle.properties

全程无输出，无感知，等待一会儿就安装完成了。

创建数据库实例

上面介绍了如何安装 GBase 8s 数据库软件，我们再创建一个数据库实例，就可以工作了。

创建数据库实例，需要切换到 gbasedbt 用户：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# su - gbasedbt
2[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$

GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh 创建

在数据库安装目录的 etc 目录有，有一个 GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh 脚本，可以采用向导方式，让我们一步一步，方便地创建一个新的数据库实例：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cd /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/
2[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ ll GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh 
3-rwxr-xr-x. 1 gbasedbt gbasedbt 32705 Jul 31 13:44 GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh

执行创建实例的脚本，开始创建数据库实例：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ sh GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh

脚本默认的实例名称为 gbaseserver，可以在冒号后面输入我们希望的名称，也可以直接回车，使用默认的实例名：

Bash

1# 说明：实例的名称可以是字母，数字和下划线。不要用减号，不要用减号，不要用减号。
2Initializing Program...OK
3ENTER THE INSTANCE INFORMATION or PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT.

安装脚本询问 GBase 8s 的程序安装在哪个路径下，默认是我们之前安装时指定的路径，直接回车继续：

Bash

1SEARCHING FOR GBASE INSTALL FOLDER, PLEASE WAIT FOR SECONDS...
2GBASE INSTALL FOLDER LIST:
3 1) /opt/GBASE/gbase
4CHOOSE GBASE INSTALL FOLDER(GBASEDBTDIR) [Default:/opt/GBASE/gbase]:

输入数据库服务器 IP 地址（默认为本机 IP，若不是则手动修改为本机 IP），回车继续：

Bash

1CHOOSE SERVICE IP ADDRESS FROM THE LIST:
2 1) 192.168.6.96
3 2) 127.0.0.1
4 3) 192.168.122.1
5ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE [Default:192.168.6.96]:

输入监听端口号（默认 9088），回车继续：

Bash

1SPECIFY THE PORT NUMBER FOR GBASE [Default:9088]:

初始化的类型，建议选择 CUSTOM，自定义特性，回车继续：

Bash

1INITIALIZE TYPE:
2 1) TYPICAL -- Initialize the instance with all features configured with default values.
3 2) CUSTOM  -- Initialize the instance with specific features that you need.
4ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE [Default:1]: 2

选择数据库字符集（默认为 en_US.8859-1），这里选择 utf8：

字符集名称	编码
8859-1	819
gb	57357
GB2312-80	57357
utf8	57372
big5	57352
GB18030-2000	5488

Bash

1GBASE CHARACTER SET LIST:
2 1) en_US.8859-1
3 2) zh_CN.GB18030-2000
4 3) zh_CN.utf8
5ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE [Default:1]: 3

数据保存目录，默认即可，回车继续：

Bash

1ENTER THE DATA SPACE PATH [Default:/opt/GBASE/gbase/gbaseserver_dbs]:

保存逻辑日志的数据库空间大小，建议输入 200，回车继续：

Bash

1# 说明：这个地方指定的值很大时，数据库会按该值分配磁盘空间，可能用时较长。
2ENTER THE LOGICAL LOG DBSPACE SIZE(MB) [Default:8880]: 200

保存物理日志的数据库空间大小，建议输入 200，回车继续：

Bash

1# 说明：这个地方指定的值很大时，数据库会按该值分配磁盘空间，可能用时较长。
2ENTER THE PHYSICAL LOG DBSPACE SIZE(MB) [Default:8880]: 200

保存 LOB 数据的数据库空间大小，建议输入 100，回车继续：

Bash

1# 说明：这个地方指定的值很大时，数据库会按该值分配磁盘空间，可能用时较长。
2ENTER THE SMART LOB DBSPACE SIZE(MB) [Default:1806]: 100

保存临时数据的数据库空间大小，建议输入 100，回车继续：

Bash

1# 说明：这个地方指定的值很大时，数据库会按该值分配磁盘空间，可能用时较长。
2ENTER THE TEMPORARY DBSPACE SIZE(MB) [Default:1806]: 100

是否需要进行一些高级设置，输入 Y，回车继续：

Bash

1ENTER "Y" TO START DATABASE ADVANCED SETTINGS, OR ENTER "N" TO ACCEPT DEFAULT VALUES: [Default:N]: Y

需要创建几个保存数据的数据库空间，我们输入 5，回车继续：

Bash

1# 提示：这点很重要，方便我们后面学习分片表。
2ENTER THE NUMBER OF DATA DBSPACES [Default:1]: 5

需要创建几个保存临时数据的数据库空间，我们输入 3，回车继续：

Bash

1ENTER THE NUMBER OF TEMP DBSPACES [Default:1]: 3

是否启用 GL_USEGLU（默认不启用），回车继续：

Bash

1Enter "Y" TO ENABLE ENVIRONMENT GL_USEGLU, OR ENTER "N" TO DISABLE: [Default:N]:

安装前列出了创建实例的清单，输入 Y，回车继续：

Bash

1INSTANCE SUMMARY:
2  Instance name:               gbaseserver
3  GBase install directory:     /opt/GBASE/gbase
4  IP address & port:           192.168.6.96:9088
5  Character set:               zh_CN.utf8
6  Logical log space size:      200 MB
7  Physical log space size:     200 MB
8  Smart LOB space size:        100 MB
9  Temp DBSpace size:           100 MB
10  Data path:                   /opt/GBASE/gbase/gbaseserver_dbs
11  Data path free size:         87985 MB
12  The number of data DBSpace:  5
13  The number of temp DBSpace:  3
14  Environment GL_USEGLU:       0
15
16Enter "Y" to Start database initializing, or Enter "N" to Edit Again: Y

开始创建实例：

Bash

1Touching Chunks...OK
2Create sqlhosts File:  /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/sqlhosts.gbaseserver ...OK
3Setting Parameters in /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbaseserver :
4ROOTPATH.ROOTSIZE.DBSERVERNAME.FULL_DISK_INIT.SBSPACENAME.SYSSBSPACENAME.DBSPACETEMP.LOGFILES.MULTIPROCESSOR.VPCLASS.NETTYPE.CLEANERS.DEF_TABLE_LOCKMODE.DIRECT_IO.LOCKS.TAPEDEV.LTAPEDEV.CKPTINTVL.DS_MAX_QUERIES.DS_TOTAL_MEMORY.DS_NONPDQ_QUERY_MEM.PHYSBUFF.LOGBUFF.AUTO_TUNE.MSGPATH.SERVERNUM.ALLOW_NEWLINE.TEMPTAB_NOLOG.DUMPSHMEM.USEOSTIME.STACKSIZE.ON_RECVRY_THREADS.OFF_RECVRY_THREADS.USELASTCOMMITTED.SHMVIRTSIZE.SHMADD.GBASEDBTCONTIME.BUFFERPOOL2K.BUFFERPOOL16K...AUTO_CKPTS.OK
5Initializing Root DBSpace & Share Memory...OK
6Creating system database.......OK
7Creating logical log Dbspace...OK
8Creating physical log Dbspace...OK
9Creating smart LOB Dbspace...OK
10Creating temp Dbspace.1.2.3...OK
11Creating data Dbspace.1.2.3.4.5...OK
12Setting dbscheduler...OK
13Moving physical log...OK
14Adding 20 logical logs: 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20...OK
15Setting data chunks extendable...OK
16Cleaning logical logs in rootdbs...Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
17.Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
18.Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
19.Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
20...OK
21Database restarting.......Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
22OK
23Creating database: gbasedb...OK
24
25Now you can use this URL to connect to gbasedb:
26jdbc:gbasedbt-sqli://192.168.6.96:9088/gbasedb:GBASEDBTSERVER=gbaseserver;DB_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;NEWCODESET=UTF8,utf8,57372;
27
28Version:
29Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
30On-Line (CKPT INP) -- Up 00:00:16 -- 4275148 Kbytes
31Build Number:           3.5.1_3X1_3_28a3a6
32
33GBase Initializing Finished!
34
35Initialize log file : ./InitGBaseDB_202410101331.log 
36
37Press <ENTER> to Exit and Logout...
38
39Killed

至此，数据库实例创建完成，初始化完成之后，数据库就是在线状态，无需再次启动数据库。

手工创建实例

如果不喜欢交互式的脚本初始化方式，可以按照如下步骤，手动创建实例并初始化。

创建一个实例，假设其实例名为 gbaseserver。
创建一个实例需要配置以下三个文件，使用用实例名作为文件的后缀：
- 环境变量文件：profile.gbaseserver
- 配置参数文件：onconfig.gbaseserver
- sqlhosts 配置文件：sqlhosts.gbaseserver

具体步骤如下：

1、创建数据库的数据文件存储目录 /dbs

使用 root 用户创建数据目录：

Bash

1## 创建数据目录 dbs 并授权
2[root@gbase8s ~]# mkdir -p /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs
3[root@gbase8s ~]# chown gbasedbt:gbasedbt /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs
4[root@gbase8s ~]# chmod 775 /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs
5## 创建空文件 rootdbs 并授权
6[root@gbase8s ~]# touch /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs
7[root@gbase8s ~]# chown gbasedbt:gbasedbt /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs
8[root@gbase8s ~]# chmod 660 /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs

2、配置 profile.gbaseserver 环境变量文件

切换到 gbasedbt 用户，将默认环境变量 .bash_profile 文件复制一份，命名为 profile.gbaseserver：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# su - gbasedbt
2Last login: Thu Oct 10 15:22:55 CST 2024 on pts/0
3[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cp ~/.bash_profile ~/profile.gbaseserver
4
5## 配置环境变量文件 ~/profile.gbaseserver
6[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cat<<-\EOF>>~/profile.gbaseserver
7export GBASEDBTSERVER=gbaseserver ## 实例名
8export GBASEDBTDIR=/opt/GBASE/gbase ## 安装路径
9export ONCONFIG=onconfig.gbaseserver ## 配置参数文件名称
10export GBASEDBTSQLHOSTS=$GBASEDBTDIR/etc/sqlhosts.gbaseserver ## sqlhosts 文件名称
11export PATH=$GBASEDBTDIR/bin:$GBASEDBTDIR/sbin:/usr/bin:${PATH}:.
12export GL_DATE="%iY-%m-%d"
13export DATETIME="%iY-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
14export DB_LOCALE=zh_cn.GB18030-2000
15export CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_cn.GB18030-2000
16export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${GBASEDBTDIR}/lib:${GBASEDBTDIR}/lib/esql:${GBASEDBTDIR}/lib/cli
17export TERM=vt100
18export TERMCAP=$GBASEDBTDIR/etc/termcap
19export GBASEDBTTERM=termcap
20export DBTEMP=$GBASEDBTDIR/tmp
21EOF
22
23## 生效环境变量
24source ~/profile.gbaseserver

为了 gbasedbt 用户在登录后自动应用这些环境变量，可以在 .bash_profile 文件中添加：

Bash

1cat<<-\EOF>>~/.bash_profile
2source /home/gbasedbt/profile.gbaseserver
3EOF

然后生效环境变量：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ source ~/profile.gbaseserver

3、配置 onconfig.gbaseserver 参数文件

将 /opt/BASE/gbase/etc/ 目录中的 onconfig.std 文档复制一份，命名为 $ONCONFIG 变量指定的名称 onconfig.gbaseserver：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cd /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/
2[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cp onconfig.std onconfig.gbaseserver
3
4## 查看需要修改的参数的默认配置
5[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cat onconfig.gbaseserver | grep -E "ROOTPATH|SERVERNUM|DBSERVERNAME|TAPEDEV|LTAPEDEV" | grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)"
6## 系统数据库文件存储空间路径
7ROOTPATH $GBASEDBTDIR/tmp/demo_on.rootdbs
8## 实例编号，多实例中每个实例编号要唯一
9SERVERNUM 0
10## 数据库服务器实例名称
11DBSERVERNAME 
12## 用于存储空间备份的磁带设备
13TAPEDEV /dev/tapedev
14## 用于逻辑日志备份的磁带的设备路径
15LTAPEDEV /dev/tapedev

编辑 onconfig.gbaseserver 文件，配置以下参数并保存：

Bash

1ROOTPATH /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs
2SERVERNUM 1
3DBSERVERNAME gbaseserver
4TAPEDEV /dev/null
5LTAPEDEV /dev/null

配置完成后查看参数值是否正确：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cat onconfig.gbaseserver | grep -E "ROOTPATH|SERVERNUM|DBSERVERNAME|TAPEDEV|LTAPEDEV" | grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)"
2ROOTPATH /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs
3SERVERNUM 1
4DBSERVERNAME gbaseserver 
5TAPEDEV /dev/null
6LTAPEDEV /dev/null

4、配置 sqlhosts.gbaseserver 文件

GBase 8s 数据库使用的监听端口默认为 9088，多实例中每个实例的端口必须唯一。

将 /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/ 目录中的 sqlhosts.std 文档复制一份，命名为环境变量 GBASEDBTSQLHOSTS 指定的名称 sqlhost.gbaseserver：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cd /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/
2[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cp sqlhosts.std sqlhosts.gbaseserver
3[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)" sqlhosts.gbaseserver 
4# 实例名  # 网络连接方式 	# IP 		# 端口
5demo_on onipcshm        on_hostname     on_servername

编辑 sqlhosts.gbaseserver 文件，在文件末尾添加相关实例名、网络连接方式、IP 及端口号：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cat<<-EOF>>/opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/sqlhosts.gbaseserver
2gbaseserver onsoctcp 192.168.6.96 9088
3EOF
4
5[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)" sqlhosts.gbaseserver 
6demo_on onipcshm        on_hostname     on_servername
7gbaseserver onsoctcp 192.168.6.96 9088

5、初始化数据库

使用 gbasedbt 用户执行初始化命令：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ oninit -ivy
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3Reading configuration file '/opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbaseserver'...succeeded
4Creating /GBASEDBTTMP/.infxdirs...succeeded
5Allocating and attaching to shared memory...succeeded
6Creating resident pool 4310 kbytes...succeeded
7Creating infos file "/opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/.infos.gbaseserver"...succeeded
8Linking conf file "/opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/.conf.gbaseserver"...succeeded
9Initializing rhead structure...rhlock_t 16384 (512K)... rlock_t (2656K)... Writing to infos file...succeeded
10Initialization of Encryption...succeeded
11Initializing ASF...succeeded
12Initializing Dictionary Cache and SPL Routine Cache...succeeded
13Bringing up ADM VP...succeeded
14Creating VP classes...succeeded
15Forking main_loop thread...succeeded
16Initializing DR structures...succeeded
17Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
18Starting tracing...succeeded
19Initializing 8 flushers...succeeded
20Initializing log/checkpoint information...succeeded
21Initializing dbspaces...succeeded
22Opening primary chunks...succeeded
23Validating chunks...succeeded
24Creating database partition...succeeded
25Initialize Async Log Flusher...succeeded
26Starting B-tree Scanner...succeeded
27Init ReadAhead Daemon...succeeded
28Init DB Util Daemon...succeeded
29Initializing DBSPACETEMP list...succeeded
30Init Auto Tuning Daemon...succeeded
31Checking database partition index...succeeded
32Initializing dataskip structure...succeeded
33Checking for temporary tables to drop...succeeded
34Updating Global Row Counter...succeeded
35Forking onmode_mon thread...succeeded
36Creating periodic thread...succeeded
37Creating periodic thread...succeeded
38Starting scheduling system...succeeded
39Verbose output complete: mode = 5

查看数据库实例状态：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ onstat -
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3On-Line -- Up 00:01:06 -- 173360 Kbytes

至此，手工创建数据库实例完成。

脚本一键安装

官方提供了 GBase 8s 的一键安装脚本，也就是的安装包中的 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 脚本，这个我们在安装包下载有说过一个 readme 文件中有看到过：

root 用户上传 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 和 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_x86_64.tar 到服务器任意同一目录
root 用户执行 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh

执行示例：

bash AutoInit_GBase8s.sh

示例说明：所有配置使用默认值，具体配置参考安装成功后结果输出

bash AutoInit_GBase8s.sh -i /data/gbase351 -n gbase351 -c 8 -m 4000

示例说明：安装GBase 8s数据库到/data/gbase351目录，实例使用8个CPU逻辑核，使用4G内容

安装最后结果输出如下表示数据库实例安装成功

--== GBase 8s Information for this install ==-- $GBASEDBTSERVER : gbase351 $GBASEDBTDIR : /data/gbase351 USER HOME : /home/gbase DBSPACE DIR : /data/gbase IP ADDRESS : 0.0.0.0 PORT NUMBER : 9088 $DB_LOCALE : zh_CN.utf8 $CLIENT_LOCALE : zh_CN.utf8 JDBC URL : jdbc:gbasedbt-sqli://IPADDR:9088/testdb:GBASEDBTSERVER=gbase351;DB_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;IFX_LOCK_MODE_WAIT=10 JDBC USERNAME : gbasedbt JDBC PASSWORD : GBase123$% INNER USERNAME : dbtuser INNER PASSWORD : GBase123$%

没错，这就是官方提供的一键安装脚本，GBase 8s 一键安装只需要上传 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 和 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_x86_64.tar 到主机上即可。

这里简单演示一下一键安装脚本的使用：

Bash

1## 安装目录只有 2 个文件
2[root@gbase8s soft]# ll
3-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     21797 Oct 10 12:52 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh
4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 346408960 Oct 10 12:52 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar

注意：不能提前创建 gbasedbt 用户和安装目录，最好是安装好干净的操作系统，什么都不要修改，然后直接执行脚本一键安装，否则可能会报错：

Bash

1[2024-10-10 16:46:00] The SYSDBA user is: gbasedbt
2[2024-10-10 16:46:00] IPADDR: 0.0.0.0
3[2024-10-10 16:46:00] Datadir: /data/gbase
4User: gbasedbt exists, you must delete gbasedbt user and group !

最简单安装，不加任何参数：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 
2[2024-10-10 16:50:33] The SYSDBA user is: gbasedbt
3[2024-10-10 16:50:33] IPADDR: 0.0.0.0
4[2024-10-10 16:50:33] Datadir: /data/gbase
5[2024-10-10 16:50:33] Creating group [gbasedbt] and user [gbasedbt] with HOME [/home/gbase].
6[2024-10-10 16:50:33] Unziping [GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar].
7[2024-10-10 16:50:34] Check path INSTALL_DIR(/opt/gbase) security.
8[2024-10-10 16:50:34] Execute software install, this will take a moment.
9[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Building ~gbasedbt/.bash_profile .
10[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Building /opt/gbase/etc/sqlhosts .
11[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Building /opt/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbase01 .
12[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Creating DATADIR: /data/gbase .
13[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Change permission for directory: /data/gbase .
14[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Change permission for directory: /data .
15[2024-10-10 16:51:49] Creating file $INSTALL_DIR/etc/upgraded .
16[2024-10-10 16:51:49] Start run database init: oninit -ivy
17Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
18Reading configuration file '/opt/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbase01'...succeeded
19Creating /GBASEDBTTMP/.infxdirs...succeeded
20Allocating and attaching to shared memory...succeeded
21Creating resident pool 4310 kbytes...succeeded
22Creating infos file "/opt/gbase/etc/.infos.gbase01"...succeeded
23Linking conf file "/opt/gbase/etc/.conf.gbase01"...succeeded
24Initializing rhead structure...rhlock_t 16384 (512K)... rlock_t (2656K)... Writing to infos file...succeeded
25Initialization of Encryption...succeeded
26Initializing ASF...succeeded
27Initializing Dictionary Cache and SPL Routine Cache...succeeded
28Bringing up ADM VP...succeeded
29Creating VP classes...succeeded
30Forking main_loop thread...succeeded
31Initializing DR structures...succeeded
32Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
33Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
34Starting tracing...succeeded
35Initializing 8 flushers...succeeded
36Initializing log/checkpoint information...succeeded
37Initializing dbspaces...succeeded
38Opening primary chunks...succeeded
39Validating chunks...succeeded
40Creating database partition...succeeded
41Initialize Async Log Flusher...succeeded
42Starting B-tree Scanner...succeeded
43Init ReadAhead Daemon...succeeded
44Init DB Util Daemon...succeeded
45Initializing DBSPACETEMP list...succeeded
46Init Auto Tuning Daemon...succeeded
47Checking database partition index...succeeded
48Initializing dataskip structure...succeeded
49Checking for temporary tables to drop...succeeded
50Updating Global Row Counter...succeeded
51Forking onmode_mon thread...succeeded
52Creating periodic thread...succeeded
53Creating periodic thread...succeeded
54Starting scheduling system...succeeded
55Verbose output complete: mode = 5
56OK
57[2024-10-10 16:51:58] Creating system database.........
58[2024-10-10 16:52:24] Creating dbspace plogdbs.
59[2024-10-10 16:52:27] Creating dbspace llogdbs.
60[2024-10-10 16:52:32] Creating smart blob space sbspace01
61[2024-10-10 16:52:39] Creating dbspace tempdbs01
62[2024-10-10 16:52:45] Creating dbspace datadbs01
63[2024-10-10 16:52:59] Changing auto extend able on for chunk datadbs01
64[2024-10-10 16:53:01] Creating default user for mapping user
65[2024-10-10 16:53:02] Moving physical log to plogdbs.
66[2024-10-10 16:53:09] Adding 10 logical log file in llogdbs.
67[2024-10-10 16:53:20] Moving CURRENT logical log to new logical file.
68Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
69Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
70Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
71Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
72Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
73Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
74[2024-10-10 16:53:25] Droping logical log file which in rootdbs.
75[2024-10-10 16:53:26] Create database testdb.
76[2024-10-10 16:53:28] Optimizing database config.
77[2024-10-10 16:53:28] Restart GBase 8s Database Server.
78Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
79Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
80Reading configuration file '/opt/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbase01'...succeeded
81Creating /GBASEDBTTMP/.infxdirs...succeeded
82Allocating and attaching to shared memory...succeeded
83Creating resident pool 142722 kbytes...succeeded
84Creating infos file "/opt/gbase/etc/.infos.gbase01"...succeeded
85Linking conf file "/opt/gbase/etc/.conf.gbase01"...succeeded
86Initializing rhead structure...rhlock_t 131072 (4096K)... rlock_t (132812K)... Writing to infos file...succeeded
87Initialization of Encryption...succeeded
88Initializing ASF...succeeded
89Initializing Dictionary Cache and SPL Routine Cache...succeeded
90Bringing up ADM VP...succeeded
91Creating VP classes...succeeded
92Forking main_loop thread...succeeded
93Initializing DR structures...succeeded
94Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
95Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
96Starting tracing...succeeded
97Initializing 32 flushers...succeeded
98Initializing SDS Server network connections...succeeded
99Initializing log/checkpoint information...succeeded
100Initializing dbspaces...succeeded
101Opening primary chunks...succeeded
102Validating chunks...succeeded
103Initialize Async Log Flusher...succeeded
104Starting B-tree Scanner...succeeded
105Init ReadAhead Daemon...succeeded
106Init DB Util Daemon...succeeded
107Initializing DBSPACETEMP list...succeeded
108Init Auto Tuning Daemon...succeeded
109Checking database partition index...succeeded
110Initializing dataskip structure...succeeded
111Checking for temporary tables to drop...succeeded
112Updating Global Row Counter...succeeded
113Forking onmode_mon thread...succeeded
114Creating periodic thread...succeeded
115Creating periodic thread...succeeded
116Starting scheduling system...succeeded
117Verbose output complete: mode = 5
118[2024-10-10 16:53:49] Set audit mask.
119[2024-10-10 16:53:49] Finish.
120
121--== GBase 8s Information for this install ==--
122$GBASEDBTSERVER : gbase01
123$GBASEDBTDIR    : /opt/gbase
124USER HOME       : /home/gbase
125DBSPACE DIR     : /data/gbase
126IP ADDRESS      : 0.0.0.0
127PORT NUMBER     : 9088
128$DB_LOCALE      : zh_CN.utf8
129$CLIENT_LOCALE  : zh_CN.utf8
130JDBC URL        : jdbc:gbasedbt-sqli://IPADDR:9088/testdb:GBASEDBTSERVER=gbase01;DB_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;IFX_LOCK_MODE_WAIT=10
131JDBC USERNAME   : gbasedbt
132JDBC PASSWORD   : GBase123$%
133INNER USERNAME  : dbtuser
134INNER PASSWORD  : GBase123$%
135
136You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root

以上为完整安装过程，在安装日志的最后提供了数据库实例的相关信息，一键安装完成后，查看数据库状态：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onstat -
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3On-Line -- Up 00:00:51 -- 3378128 Kbytes

数据库实例状态正常。

关于一键安装脚本的具体使用可以查看 help 帮助，了解每个参数的作用之后，进行自定义配置：

Bash

1脚本参数说明
2Usage:
3    AutoInit_GBase8s.sh [-d path] [-i path] [-p path] [-s y|n] [-l locale] [-u user] [-o y|n] 
4	                    [-n servername] [-c num_of_cpu] [-m num_of_memory] [-t type_of_instance]
5
6        -d path    The path of dbspace.
7        -i path    The path of install software.
8        -p path    The path of home path.
9        -s y|n     Value of dbspace is 1GB? Yes/No, default is N.
10        -u user    The user name for SYSDBA, gbasedbt, default is gbasedbt
11        -l locale  DB_LOCALE/CLIENT_LOCALE/SERVER_LOCALE value.
12        -o y|n     Only install software? Yes/No, default is N.
13        -n NAME    Servername, default is gbase01.
14        -c NUM     Number of CPU use.
15        -m NUM     Number of MB Memory use.
16        -t TYPE    Type of instance will install, [small], if use this, ignore -c and -m. 
17        -a y|n     Security need, default N.
18
19-d  指定数据库空间目录，默认为/data/gbase（若该目录非空，则使用INSTALL_DIR/data）
20-i  指定数据库软件安装目录INSTALL_DIR，默认为/opt/gbase
21-p  指定数据库用户gbasedbt的HOME目录，默认为/home/gbase
22-s  数据库空间是否均使用1GB，默认是n（所有数据库空间均使用1GB大小）
23-u  指定数据库系统管理员的名称，仅限gbasedbt,可以不指定该参数
24-l  指定数据库的DB_LOCALE/CLIENT_LOCALE参数值，默认为zh_CN.utf8
25-o  指定仅安装数据库，而不进行初始化操作，默认是n（安装并初始化数据库）
26-n  指定数据库服务名称
27-c  指定使用的CPU数量
28-m  指定使用的内存数量，单位为MB
29-t  指定安装的实例类型，当前可接受small
30-a  指定是否开启三权分立，默认是n

更多玩法自行模式，这个脚本内容也是开源的，可以自行查看，写的相对有些简陋，但是能看懂大概逻辑就行。

GBase 8s 使用

查看数据库状态

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onstat -
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3On-Line -- Up 00:12:45 -- 3378128 Kbytes

关闭数据库

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onmode -ky
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00

开启数据库

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ oninit -vy
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3 12176
4Reading configuration file '/opt/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbase01'...succeeded
5Creating /GBASEDBTTMP/.infxdirs...succeeded
6Allocating and attaching to shared memory...succeeded
7Creating resident pool 142722 kbytes...succeeded
8Creating infos file "/opt/gbase/etc/.infos.gbase01"...succeeded
9Linking conf file "/opt/gbase/etc/.conf.gbase01"...succeeded
10Initializing rhead structure...rhlock_t 131072 (4096K)... rlock_t (132812K)... Writing to infos file...succeeded
11Initialization of Encryption...succeeded
12Initializing ASF...succeeded
13Initializing Dictionary Cache and SPL Routine Cache...succeeded
14Bringing up ADM VP...succeeded
15Creating VP classes...succeeded
16Forking main_loop thread...succeeded
17Initializing DR structures...succeeded
18Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
19Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
20Starting tracing...succeeded
21Initializing 32 flushers...succeeded
22Initializing SDS Server network connections...succeeded
23Initializing log/checkpoint information...succeeded
24Initializing dbspaces...succeeded
25Opening primary chunks...succeeded
26Validating chunks...succeeded
27Initialize Async Log Flusher...succeeded
28Starting B-tree Scanner...succeeded
29Init ReadAhead Daemon...succeeded
30Init DB Util Daemon...succeeded
31Initializing DBSPACETEMP list...succeeded
32Init Auto Tuning Daemon...succeeded
33Checking database partition index...succeeded
34Initializing dataskip structure...succeeded
35Checking for temporary tables to drop...succeeded
36Updating Global Row Counter...succeeded
37Forking onmode_mon thread...succeeded
38Creating periodic thread...succeeded
39Creating periodic thread...succeeded
40Starting scheduling system...succeeded
41Verbose output complete: mode = 5

连接数据库

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ dbaccess - -
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3> create database gbase8s;
4
5Database created.
6
7Elapsed time: 0.751 sec
8
9> create database lucifer;
10
11Database closed.
12
13
14Database created.
15
16Elapsed time: 0.593 sec

查看数据库 IP、端口

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onstat -g ntt
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3On-Line -- Up 00:01:13 -- 3378128 Kbytes
4
5global network information:
6  #netscb connects         read        write    q-free  q-limits  q-exceed alloc/max
7   4/   5        1           13           13    1/   1  380/  10    0/   0    1/   1
8
9Individual thread network information (times):
10          netscb thread name    sid     open     read    write address                  
11        5028fc90 soctcplst        5 17:07:49                   0.0.0.0|9089|soctcp      
12        4eb0ebe0 soctcplst        4 17:07:48 17:08:10          0.0.0.0|9088|soctcp      
13        4eb0cbe0 soctcppoll       3 17:07:49                                            
14        4eb0abe0 soctcppoll       2 17:08:10

数据库常用脚本：

Bash

1## 查看数据库锁
2dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
3select username,sid,waiter,dbsname,tabname,rowidlk,keynum,type 
4from sysmaster:syslocks a,sysmaster:syssessions b
5where b.sid=a.owner and dbsname='lucifer';
6EOF
7
8## 查看表空间使用率
9dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
10SELECT    st.dbsname databasename,    st.tabname,
11    MAX(dbinfo('UTC_TO_DATETIME',sin.ti_created)) createdtime,
12    SUM( sin.ti_nextns ) extents,
13    SUM( sin.ti_nrows ) nrows,
14    MAX( sin.ti_nkeys ) nkeys,
15    MAX( sin.ti_pagesize ) pagesize,
16    SUM( sin.ti_nptotal ) nptotal,
17    round(SUM( sin.ti_nptotal*sd.pagesize )/1024/1024,2)||'MB' total_size,
18    SUM( sin.ti_npused ) npused,
19    round(SUM( sin.ti_npused*sd.pagesize )/1024/1024,2)||'MB' used_size,
20    SUM( sin.ti_npdata ) npdata,
21    round(SUM( sin.ti_npdata*sd.pagesize )/1024/1024,2)||'MB' data_size
22FROM
23    sysmaster:systabnames st,
24    sysmaster:sysdbspaces sd,
25    sysmaster:systabinfo sin
26WHERE
27    sd.dbsnum = trunc(st.partnum / 1048576)
28    AND st.partnum = sin.ti_partnum
29    AND st.dbsname NOT IN ('sysmaster','sysuser','sysadmin','sysutils','sysha','syscdr','syscdcv1')
30    AND st.tabname[1,3] NOT IN ('sys','TBL')
31GROUP BY    1,    2
32ORDER BY    9 DESC;
33EOF
34
35## 查看 dbspace 使用率
36dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
37SELECT A.dbsnum as No, trim(B.name) as name,
38CASE  WHEN (bitval(B.flags,'0x10')>0 AND bitval(B.flags,'0x2')>0)
39 THEN 'MirroredBlobspace'
40 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x10')>0  THEN 'Blobspace'
41 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x2000')>0 AND bitval(B.flags,'0x8000')>0
42 THEN 'TempSbspace'
43 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x2000')>0 THEN 'TempDbspace'
44 WHEN (bitval(B.flags,'0x8000')>0 AND bitval(B.flags,'0x2')>0)
45 THEN 'MirroredSbspace'
46 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x8000')>0  THEN 'SmartBlobspace'
47 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x2')>0    THEN 'MirroredDbspace'
48       ELSE   'Dbspace'
49END  as dbstype,
50round(sum(chksize)*2/1024/1024,2)||'GB'  as DBS_SIZE ,
51round(sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,udfree))*2/1024/1024,2)||'GB' as free_size,
52case when sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,udfree))*100/sum(decode(mdsize,-1,chksize,udsize))
53    >sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,nfree))*100/sum(decode(mdsize,-1,chksize,mdsize))
54then TRUNC(100-sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,nfree))*100/sum(decode(mdsize,-1,chksize,mdsize)),2)||"%"
55else TRUNC(100-sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,udfree))*100/sum(decode(mdsize,-1,chksize,udsize)),2)||"%"
56   end  as used,
57 TRUNC(MAX(A.pagesize/1024))||"KB" as pgsize,
58 MAX(B.nchunks) as nchunks
59FROM syschktab A, sysdbstab B
60WHERE A.dbsnum = B.dbsnum
61GROUP BY A.dbsnum,name, 3
62ORDER BY A.dbsnum;
63EOF
64
65## 查看数据库信息
66dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
67SELECT trim(name) dbname,trim(owner) owner, created||' T'  created_time,
68TRIM(DBINFO('dbspace',partnum)) AS dbspace,
69CASE WHEN is_logging+is_buff_log=1 THEN "Unbuffered logging"
70    WHEN is_logging+is_buff_log=2 THEN "Buffered logging"
71    WHEN is_logging+is_buff_log=0 THEN "No logging"
72ELSE "" END Logging_mode
73FROM sysdatabases
74where trim(name) not like 'sys%';
75EOF
76
77## 查看实例信息
78dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
79select
80dbinfo('UTC_TO_DATETIME',sh_boottime)||' T' start_time,
81(current year to second - dbinfo('UTC_TO_DATETIME',sh_boottime))||' T'  run_time,
82sh_maxchunks as maxchunks,
83sh_maxdbspaces maxdbspaces,
84sh_maxuserthreads maxuserthreads,
85sh_maxtrans maxtrans,
86sh_maxlocks locks,
87sh_longtx longtxs,
88dbinfo('UTC_TO_DATETIME',sh_pfclrtime)||' T'  onstat_z_running_time
89from sysshmvals;
90EOF
91
92## 查看字符集
93dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
94select * from sysdbslocale where dbs_dbsname='lucifer';
95EOF
96
97dbs_dbsname  lucifer
98dbs_collate  zh_CN.57372

GBase 8s 卸载

GBase 8s提供了一个卸载程序，用于卸载 GBase 8s 数据库组件与数据：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# cd /opt/GBASE/gbase/uninstall/uninstall_ids/
2[root@gbase8s uninstall_ids]# ll uninstallids
3-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 74206 Oct 10 13:25 uninstallids

图形化卸载

启动卸载程序，开始卸载 GBase 8s：

Bash

1[root@devsvr uninstall_ids]# ./uninstallids -i swing

选择移除 GBase 8s 数据库组件和全部的数据库：

等待卸载完成：

GBase 8s 数据库卸载成功。

命令行卸载

启动卸载程序，开始卸载 GBase 8s：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s uninstall_ids]# ./uninstallids
2
3Graphical installers are not supported by the VM. The console mode will be used instead...
4
5
6Graphical installers are not supported by the VM. The console mode will be used instead...
7
8===============================================================================
9GBase Software Bundle                            (created with InstallAnywhere)
10-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11
12Preparing CONSOLE Mode Uninstallation...
13
14
15
16
17===============================================================================
18Uninstall GBase Software Bundle
19-------------------------------
20
21About to uninstall GBase Software Bundle.
22
23In this uninstall process, all GBase Software Bundle products in 
24/opt/GBASE/gbase will be uninstalled.
25It is recommended that you first shutdown all database server instances related
26to this installation prior to uninstalling the product.
27
28PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE: 
29
30
31
32===============================================================================
33Server Uninstall Options
34------------------------
35
36Server action:
37
38Important: Choosing to remove all databases will remove all database chunks, 
39environment files, registry entries, and message log files for all database 
40server instances associated with this installation.
41
42  ->1- Retains all databases, but removes all server binaries
43    2- Removes server binaries and all databases associated with them
44
45ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT:: 2
46
47
48
49
50===============================================================================
51Uninstalling...
52---------------
53
54
55...*
56*
57*************************
58*************************
59*************************
60************************
61...*
62*
63*************************
64*************************
65*************************
66************************
67...*
68*
69*************************
70*************************
71*************************
72************************
73...*
74*
75*************************
76*************************
77*************************
78************************
79...*
80*
81*************************
82*************************
83*************************
84************************
85...*
86*
87*************************
88*************************
89*************************
90*************************
91
92
93
94===============================================================================
95Uninstall Complete
96------------------
97
98Uninstall is complete for GBase Software Bundle.
99
100Product uninstall status:
101GBase: Successful

GBase 8s数据库卸载成功。

清除残余目录

由于卸载程序在 GBase 8s 的安装目录中，因此卸载程序并没有完成清空安装目录，需要我们手动清除：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# rm -rf /opt/GBASE

至此，GBase 8s 彻底卸载完成。

写在最后

安装部署虽简单，但是后期运维工作的很多问题，往往都是因为前期数据库部署创建工作没做好才导致，所以在学习一门数据库之前，熟练掌握数据库的安装部署，是一件非常重要的事情。毕竟夯实了地基，”数据库“才能稳固嘛。

DBA 实战课程

系统学习 Oracle DBA

2738+ 篇实战文章
1500+ 步骤截图
10 大核心模块

开通会员 ¥128/月起

查看完整课程

大家好，这里是公众号 DBA学习之路，分享一些学习国产数据库路上的知识和经验。

前言

本章目标：掌握本章核心知识点 前置要求：完成前序章节学习 预计时长：60 分钟

本文详尽的记录了 GBase 8s 数据库的安装部署方式以及实战演示，几乎做到了一网打尽，内容较长，希望大家可以耐心看完，建议收藏！！！

介绍

在两次国测报告中，都可以见到 GBase 数据库的身影：

厂商	国测产品名称	数据库产品	安可级别	国测批次	类型
南大通用	南大通用GBase	南大通用安全数据库管理系统 GBase 8s V8.8	1	1	集中
南大通用	南大通用GBase	GBase 8a MPP Cluster V9	1	2	分布
南大通用	南大通用GBase	GBase 8c (openGauss 生态分布式)		无	分布

由此可知，GBase 数据库还是很值得学习的！

安装包下载

Gbase 8s V8.8 数据库安装包可以在 GBase 官网 直接下载：

Gbase 8s V8.8 x86 的数据库安装介质下载地址：GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64.zip

下载完成后的安装包大概 400 多 M，查看 md5 值：

Bash

1╭─lucifer@Lucifer-7 ~/Downloads
2╰─$ md5sum GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64.zip
38bdd91c0aeb6d6f1a6897c3fd7537cea  GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64.zip

解压之后有以下文件：

Bash

1╭─lucifer@Lucifer-7 ~/Downloads/GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64
2╰─$ ll
3total 1038320
4-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 lucifer  staff    21K  7 31 17:32 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh
5-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 lucifer  staff   330M  8 13 10:27 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar
6-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 lucifer  staff   177M  8 13 10:26 clientsdk_3.5.1_3X1.tar
7-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 lucifer  staff   2.6K  7 31 17:32 readme.txt
8
9╭─lucifer@Lucifer-7 ~/Downloads/GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3x_x86_64
10╰─$ md5sum GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar
110dfa4fd3d97a4e9824f37b67b06e3002  GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar

查看 readme 文档可以发现一些安装提示：

安装预置条件 1）确保安装包和平台适配 2）安装依赖包：jdk(1.6版本以上)、unzip、libaio、libgcc、libstdc、ncurses、pam，如果缺失请提前安装

这里暂时只关注安装前的配置条件，关于 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 脚本在下面安装的一键安装的章节再讲，这里暂且不表。

安装前准备

环境信息：

主机名	版本	CPU	内存	硬盘	IP地址
gbase8s	rhel7.9	x86	8G	100G	192.168.6.96

官方文档中对于系统主机的要求并不多，只需要创建数据库安装用户以及安装目录，上传安装包即可进行安装。

关闭防火墙

这里还是建议关闭防火墙的，因为之前参与过 GBase 8s 新版本测试，如果不关闭防火墙，会有很多不必要的麻烦，所以还是关了吧：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
2[root@gbase8s ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
3Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
4Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

关闭 SELINUX

建议关闭 SELNUX，防止造成一些不必要的问题：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# setenforce 0
2[root@gbase8s ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
3[root@gbase8s ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config | grep SELINUX=
4# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
5SELINUX=disabled

配置 hosts 文件

这个也是很必要的，比如配置 GEM 就需要查找 hosts 文件：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# cat<<-EOF>>/etc/hosts
2192.168.6.96 gbase8s
3EOF
4
5[root@gbase8s ~]# cat /etc/hosts
6127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
7::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
8192.168.6.96 gbase8s

创建组和用户

GBase 8s 数据库需要一个名字为 gbasedbt 的操作系统用户，做为数据库的超级用户。官方文档建议在安装前创建好 gbasedbt 组和 gbasedbt 用户：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# groupadd gbasedbt
2[root@gbase8s soft]# useradd -g gbasedbt gbasedbt
3
4## 修改 gbasedbt 用户密码为 gbasedbt
5[root@gbase8s soft]# echo "gbasedbt:gbasedbt" | chpasswd
6
7## 检查是否创建成功
8[root@gbase8s ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep gbasedbt
9gbasedbt:x:1001:1001::/home/gbasedbt:/bin/bash

创建安装目录及授权

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# mkdir -p /opt/GBASE/gbase
2[root@gbase8s soft]# chown -R gbasedbt:gbasedbt /opt/GBASE

检查依赖项

在安装包的 readme 中对依赖包有一定的要求，安装依赖包：jdk(1.6版本以上)、unzip、libaio、libgcc、libstdc、ncurses、pam，如果缺失请提前安装：

Bash

1## 查看 jdk 版本，1.8 符合要求
2[root@gbase8s ~]# java -version
3openjdk version "1.8.0_262"
4OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_262-b10)
5OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.262-b10, mixed mode)
6
7## 依赖包均已安装
8[root@gbase8s ~]# rpm -q unzip libaio libgcc libstdc ncurses pam
9unzip-6.0-21.el7.x86_64
10libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
11libgcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64
12package libstdc is not installed
13ncurses-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64
14pam-1.1.8-23.el7.x86_64

上传安装包

上传安装包到 /soft 目录下：

1[root@gbase8s soft]# ll
2-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     21797 Oct 10 12:52 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh
3-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 346408960 Oct 10 12:52 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar
4
5## 解压缩 tar 安装包
6[root@gbase8s soft]# tar -xf GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar 
7[root@gbase8s soft]# ll
8-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     21797 Oct 10 12:52 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh
9drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root        77 Jul 31 14:07 doc
10-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 346408960 Oct 10 12:52 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar
11-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 346290703 Jul 31 14:16 ids_install
12-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      1864 Jul 31 14:16 ids.properties
13-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     82770 Jul 31 14:16 onsecurity

以上都准备好之后，就可以进行 GBase 8s 数据库的安装了。

GBase 8s 安装

安装过程中，会显示产品的 License，内容较长：

在控制台的命令行方式中，可以连续按 5 次回车。
在图形界面方式中，需要用鼠标拉动界面右侧的滚动条到底部，就可以点那个复选框，确认 License 了。

典型安装

安装 GBase 8s 软件

图形化安装

在 root 用户下，进入安装包目录，运行安装命令 sh ids_install，启动安装程序即可：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh ids_install -i swing
2Preparing to install...
3Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...
4Unpacking the JRE...
5Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...
6Configuring the installer for this system's environment...
7
8Launching installer...

启动图形化安装程序：

注意，这里需要把许可协议拉到底才可以选择接受：

选择安装目录：

选择典型安装（安装所有组件），这里如果选择自定义安装，就是可以选择安装哪些组件：

不创建数据库实例：

开始安装：

至此，GBase 8s 数据库的组件，全部安装完成。

命令行安装

在 root 用户下，进入安装包目录，运行安装命令 sh ids_install -i console（命令行不指定 -i 也可以），启动安装程序即可：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh ids_install -i console
2Preparing to install...
3Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...
4Unpacking the JRE...
5Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...
6Configuring the installer for this system's environment...
7
8Launching installer...
9
10===============================================================================
11GBase Software Bundle                            (created with InstallAnywhere)
12-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13
14Preparing CONSOLE Mode Installation...
15
16
17
18
19===============================================================================
20Getting Started
21---------------
22
23This application  will guide you through the installation of GBase Software 
24Bundle.
25Copyright General Data Corporation 2014, 2024. All rights reserved.
26
271. Release Notes
28The Release Notes can be found in /soft/doc/ids_unix_relnotes_12.10.html.
292. Launch Information Center
30Access the GBase Information Center at http://www.gbase.cn.
31To Begin Installation, respond to each prompt to proceed to the next step in 
32the installation.
33If you want to change something on a previous step, type 'back'.
34You may cancel this installation at any time by typing 'quit'.
35
36
37PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE:

回车继续下一步安装：

Bash

1## 这一步全都是 License 协议相关内容，不做演示，一路回车直接跳过
2
3===============================================================================
4License Agreement
5-----------------
6
7Installation and Use of GBase Software Bundle Requires Acceptance of the 
8Following License Agreement:
9
10Thank you for choosing GBase product!
11
12...
13...
14...
15
16
17DO YOU ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT? (Y/N): Y

选择安装目录，由于我们创建的安装目录就是 /opt/GBASE/gbase，所以直接回车即可：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Installation Location
3---------------------
4
5Choose location for software installation.
6
7  Default Install Folder: /opt/GBASE/gbase
8
9ENTER AN ABSOLUTE PATH, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT
10      :

安装程序支持典型安装和自定义安装方式，我们选择典型安装（默认），回车下一步：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Installation or Distribution
3----------------------------
4
5Select the installation type.
6
7Typical: Install the database server with all features and a database server 
8that
9is configured with default values. Includes:
10** Client Software Development Kit (CSDK)
11** Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)
12Minimum disk space required: 700-800MB
13
14Custom: Install the database server with specific features and software that 
15you need.
16Optionally install a configured database server instance.
17Minimum disk space required: 75 MB (without a server instance)
18
19  ->1- Typical installation
20    2- Custom installation
21    3- Extract the product files (-DLEGACY option)
22
23ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT::

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Server Instance Creation
3------------------------
4
5Create a server instance?
6
7  ->1- Yes - create an instance
8    2- No - do not create an instance
9
10ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT:: 2
11# 重要说明：
12# 这个选择很重要，选择不创建实例，不但可以减少你的整体安装时间，也会让你对这款数据库，有更深入地了解。
13# 安装过程中，自动创建一个数据库实例，在个别情况下，可能出现安装后，不能创建数据库现象（执行 create database 卡住，一段时间后报错退出）。这个问题的原因是sqlhosts 文件中使用了机器名，需要我们修改成服务器的 IP 地址，并重启数据库，就可以解决。也许有其它好的解决方法，不过这是我目前知道的一个方法，而且好用。

安装程序给出一个报告，列出了本次将要安装的数据库组件，按回车将继续安装：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Installation Summary
3--------------------
4
5Please review the following before continuing:
6
7Product Name:
8    GBase Software Bundle
9
10Install Folder:
11    /opt/GBASE/gbase
12
13Product Features:
14    GBase database server,
15    Base Server,
16    Extensions and tools,
17    J/Foundation,
18    Database extensions,
19    Conversion and reversion support,
20    XML publishing,
21    Demonstration database scripts,
22    Enterprise Replication,
23    Data loading utilities,
24    onunload and onload utilities,
25    dbload utility,
26    Backup and Restore,
27    archecker utility,
28    ON-Bar utility,
29    Interface to Tivoli Storage Manager,
30    Administrative utilities,
31    Performance monitoring utilities,
32    Miscellaneous monitoring utilities,
33    Auditing utilities,
34    Database import and export utilities,
35    JSON Client Support,
36    Global Language Support (GLS),
37    Chinese
38
39Disk Space Information (for Installation Target): 
40    Required:  578,902,678 Bytes
41    Available: 92,369,674,240 Bytes
42
43PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE:

安装程序再次让用户确认安装程序的位置，回车继续下一步：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Ready To Install
3----------------
4
5InstallAnywhere is now ready to install GBase Software Bundle onto your system 
6at the following location:
7
8   /opt/GBASE/gbase
9
10PRESS <ENTER> TO INSTALL:

等待几分钟后安装完成：

Bash

1===============================================================================
2Installing...
3-------------
4
5 [==================|==================|==================|==================]
6 [------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------]
7
8
9
10===============================================================================
11Installation Complete
12---------------------
13
14Congratulations! GBase Software Bundle installation is complete.
15
16Product install status:
17GBase: Successful
18GBase Connect: Successful
19
20GBase 8s V8.8
21
22
23For more information about using GBase products, see the GBase Information 
24Center at http://www.gbase.cn.
25
26PRESS <ENTER> TO EXIT THE INSTALLER: 
27[root@gbase8s soft]#

回车退出安装程序，至此，GBase 8s 数据库的组件，全部安装完成。

静默安装

生成响应文件

执行静默安装（又称为无人管理的安装），必须使用响应文件，其中包含关于想要如何进行该产品安装的信息。

响应文件的获取方式有两种：

执行 GBase 8s 安装脚本，录制模板生成响应文件：./ids_install -r /soft/bundle.properties，安装完成后，将在 /soft 路径下生成响应文件 bundle.properties。
参考安装介质中的 bundle.properties 初始配置文件，创建一个自己的安装配置文件。

📢 注意：请不要对安装介质中的 bundle.properties 文件进行重写、移动或删除。

这里我使用录制模板生成响应文件的方式创建了一个响应文件：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh ids_install -i swing -r /soft/bundle.properties
2Preparing to install...
3Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...
4Unpacking the JRE...
5Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...
6Configuring the installer for this system's environment...
7
8Launching installer...

查看生成后的响应文件内容：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)" /soft/bundle.properties 
2USER_INSTALL_DIR=/opt/GBASE/gbase
3UNIX_INSTALLTYPE_SELECT=DEFAULT
4LICENSE_ACCEPTED=TRUE
5USER_INSTALL_DIR=/opt/GBASE/gbase
6IDS_INSTALL_TYPE=TYPICAL
7DIR_SEC_SEL_BOOLEAN_1=<null>
8DIR_SEC_SEL_BOOLEAN_2=<null>
9DIR_SEC_SEL_BOOLEAN_3=<null>

后续可以直接使用这个响应文件来安装 GBase 8s 软件。

静默安装 GBase 8s 软件

运行静默安装命令，指示响应文件的相对或绝对路径：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh ids_install -i silent -f /soft/bundle.properties

全程无输出，无感知，等待一会儿就安装完成了。

创建数据库实例

上面介绍了如何安装 GBase 8s 数据库软件，我们再创建一个数据库实例，就可以工作了。

创建数据库实例，需要切换到 gbasedbt 用户：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# su - gbasedbt
2[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$

GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh 创建

在数据库安装目录的 etc 目录有，有一个 GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh 脚本，可以采用向导方式，让我们一步一步，方便地创建一个新的数据库实例：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cd /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/
2[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ ll GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh 
3-rwxr-xr-x. 1 gbasedbt gbasedbt 32705 Jul 31 13:44 GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh

执行创建实例的脚本，开始创建数据库实例：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ sh GBaseInit_gbasedbt.sh

脚本默认的实例名称为 gbaseserver，可以在冒号后面输入我们希望的名称，也可以直接回车，使用默认的实例名：

Bash

1# 说明：实例的名称可以是字母，数字和下划线。不要用减号，不要用减号，不要用减号。
2Initializing Program...OK
3ENTER THE INSTANCE INFORMATION or PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT.

安装脚本询问 GBase 8s 的程序安装在哪个路径下，默认是我们之前安装时指定的路径，直接回车继续：

Bash

1SEARCHING FOR GBASE INSTALL FOLDER, PLEASE WAIT FOR SECONDS...
2GBASE INSTALL FOLDER LIST:
3 1) /opt/GBASE/gbase
4CHOOSE GBASE INSTALL FOLDER(GBASEDBTDIR) [Default:/opt/GBASE/gbase]:

输入数据库服务器 IP 地址（默认为本机 IP，若不是则手动修改为本机 IP），回车继续：

Bash

1CHOOSE SERVICE IP ADDRESS FROM THE LIST:
2 1) 192.168.6.96
3 2) 127.0.0.1
4 3) 192.168.122.1
5ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE [Default:192.168.6.96]:

输入监听端口号（默认 9088），回车继续：

Bash

1SPECIFY THE PORT NUMBER FOR GBASE [Default:9088]:

初始化的类型，建议选择 CUSTOM，自定义特性，回车继续：

Bash

1INITIALIZE TYPE:
2 1) TYPICAL -- Initialize the instance with all features configured with default values.
3 2) CUSTOM  -- Initialize the instance with specific features that you need.
4ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE [Default:1]: 2

选择数据库字符集（默认为 en_US.8859-1），这里选择 utf8：

字符集名称	编码
8859-1	819
gb	57357
GB2312-80	57357
utf8	57372
big5	57352
GB18030-2000	5488

Bash

1GBASE CHARACTER SET LIST:
2 1) en_US.8859-1
3 2) zh_CN.GB18030-2000
4 3) zh_CN.utf8
5ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE [Default:1]: 3

数据保存目录，默认即可，回车继续：

Bash

1ENTER THE DATA SPACE PATH [Default:/opt/GBASE/gbase/gbaseserver_dbs]:

保存逻辑日志的数据库空间大小，建议输入 200，回车继续：

Bash

1# 说明：这个地方指定的值很大时，数据库会按该值分配磁盘空间，可能用时较长。
2ENTER THE LOGICAL LOG DBSPACE SIZE(MB) [Default:8880]: 200

保存物理日志的数据库空间大小，建议输入 200，回车继续：

Bash

1# 说明：这个地方指定的值很大时，数据库会按该值分配磁盘空间，可能用时较长。
2ENTER THE PHYSICAL LOG DBSPACE SIZE(MB) [Default:8880]: 200

保存 LOB 数据的数据库空间大小，建议输入 100，回车继续：

Bash

1# 说明：这个地方指定的值很大时，数据库会按该值分配磁盘空间，可能用时较长。
2ENTER THE SMART LOB DBSPACE SIZE(MB) [Default:1806]: 100

保存临时数据的数据库空间大小，建议输入 100，回车继续：

Bash

1# 说明：这个地方指定的值很大时，数据库会按该值分配磁盘空间，可能用时较长。
2ENTER THE TEMPORARY DBSPACE SIZE(MB) [Default:1806]: 100

是否需要进行一些高级设置，输入 Y，回车继续：

Bash

1ENTER "Y" TO START DATABASE ADVANCED SETTINGS, OR ENTER "N" TO ACCEPT DEFAULT VALUES: [Default:N]: Y

需要创建几个保存数据的数据库空间，我们输入 5，回车继续：

Bash

1# 提示：这点很重要，方便我们后面学习分片表。
2ENTER THE NUMBER OF DATA DBSPACES [Default:1]: 5

需要创建几个保存临时数据的数据库空间，我们输入 3，回车继续：

Bash

1ENTER THE NUMBER OF TEMP DBSPACES [Default:1]: 3

是否启用 GL_USEGLU（默认不启用），回车继续：

Bash

1Enter "Y" TO ENABLE ENVIRONMENT GL_USEGLU, OR ENTER "N" TO DISABLE: [Default:N]:

安装前列出了创建实例的清单，输入 Y，回车继续：

Bash

1INSTANCE SUMMARY:
2  Instance name:               gbaseserver
3  GBase install directory:     /opt/GBASE/gbase
4  IP address & port:           192.168.6.96:9088
5  Character set:               zh_CN.utf8
6  Logical log space size:      200 MB
7  Physical log space size:     200 MB
8  Smart LOB space size:        100 MB
9  Temp DBSpace size:           100 MB
10  Data path:                   /opt/GBASE/gbase/gbaseserver_dbs
11  Data path free size:         87985 MB
12  The number of data DBSpace:  5
13  The number of temp DBSpace:  3
14  Environment GL_USEGLU:       0
15
16Enter "Y" to Start database initializing, or Enter "N" to Edit Again: Y

开始创建实例：

Bash

1Touching Chunks...OK
2Create sqlhosts File:  /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/sqlhosts.gbaseserver ...OK
3Setting Parameters in /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbaseserver :
4ROOTPATH.ROOTSIZE.DBSERVERNAME.FULL_DISK_INIT.SBSPACENAME.SYSSBSPACENAME.DBSPACETEMP.LOGFILES.MULTIPROCESSOR.VPCLASS.NETTYPE.CLEANERS.DEF_TABLE_LOCKMODE.DIRECT_IO.LOCKS.TAPEDEV.LTAPEDEV.CKPTINTVL.DS_MAX_QUERIES.DS_TOTAL_MEMORY.DS_NONPDQ_QUERY_MEM.PHYSBUFF.LOGBUFF.AUTO_TUNE.MSGPATH.SERVERNUM.ALLOW_NEWLINE.TEMPTAB_NOLOG.DUMPSHMEM.USEOSTIME.STACKSIZE.ON_RECVRY_THREADS.OFF_RECVRY_THREADS.USELASTCOMMITTED.SHMVIRTSIZE.SHMADD.GBASEDBTCONTIME.BUFFERPOOL2K.BUFFERPOOL16K...AUTO_CKPTS.OK
5Initializing Root DBSpace & Share Memory...OK
6Creating system database.......OK
7Creating logical log Dbspace...OK
8Creating physical log Dbspace...OK
9Creating smart LOB Dbspace...OK
10Creating temp Dbspace.1.2.3...OK
11Creating data Dbspace.1.2.3.4.5...OK
12Setting dbscheduler...OK
13Moving physical log...OK
14Adding 20 logical logs: 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20...OK
15Setting data chunks extendable...OK
16Cleaning logical logs in rootdbs...Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
17.Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
18.Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
19.Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
20...OK
21Database restarting.......Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
22OK
23Creating database: gbasedb...OK
24
25Now you can use this URL to connect to gbasedb:
26jdbc:gbasedbt-sqli://192.168.6.96:9088/gbasedb:GBASEDBTSERVER=gbaseserver;DB_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;NEWCODESET=UTF8,utf8,57372;
27
28Version:
29Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
30On-Line (CKPT INP) -- Up 00:00:16 -- 4275148 Kbytes
31Build Number:           3.5.1_3X1_3_28a3a6
32
33GBase Initializing Finished!
34
35Initialize log file : ./InitGBaseDB_202410101331.log 
36
37Press <ENTER> to Exit and Logout...
38
39Killed

至此，数据库实例创建完成，初始化完成之后，数据库就是在线状态，无需再次启动数据库。

手工创建实例

如果不喜欢交互式的脚本初始化方式，可以按照如下步骤，手动创建实例并初始化。

创建一个实例，假设其实例名为 gbaseserver。
创建一个实例需要配置以下三个文件，使用用实例名作为文件的后缀：
- 环境变量文件：profile.gbaseserver
- 配置参数文件：onconfig.gbaseserver
- sqlhosts 配置文件：sqlhosts.gbaseserver

具体步骤如下：

1、创建数据库的数据文件存储目录 /dbs

使用 root 用户创建数据目录：

Bash

1## 创建数据目录 dbs 并授权
2[root@gbase8s ~]# mkdir -p /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs
3[root@gbase8s ~]# chown gbasedbt:gbasedbt /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs
4[root@gbase8s ~]# chmod 775 /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs
5## 创建空文件 rootdbs 并授权
6[root@gbase8s ~]# touch /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs
7[root@gbase8s ~]# chown gbasedbt:gbasedbt /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs
8[root@gbase8s ~]# chmod 660 /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs

2、配置 profile.gbaseserver 环境变量文件

切换到 gbasedbt 用户，将默认环境变量 .bash_profile 文件复制一份，命名为 profile.gbaseserver：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# su - gbasedbt
2Last login: Thu Oct 10 15:22:55 CST 2024 on pts/0
3[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cp ~/.bash_profile ~/profile.gbaseserver
4
5## 配置环境变量文件 ~/profile.gbaseserver
6[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cat<<-\EOF>>~/profile.gbaseserver
7export GBASEDBTSERVER=gbaseserver ## 实例名
8export GBASEDBTDIR=/opt/GBASE/gbase ## 安装路径
9export ONCONFIG=onconfig.gbaseserver ## 配置参数文件名称
10export GBASEDBTSQLHOSTS=$GBASEDBTDIR/etc/sqlhosts.gbaseserver ## sqlhosts 文件名称
11export PATH=$GBASEDBTDIR/bin:$GBASEDBTDIR/sbin:/usr/bin:${PATH}:.
12export GL_DATE="%iY-%m-%d"
13export DATETIME="%iY-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
14export DB_LOCALE=zh_cn.GB18030-2000
15export CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_cn.GB18030-2000
16export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${GBASEDBTDIR}/lib:${GBASEDBTDIR}/lib/esql:${GBASEDBTDIR}/lib/cli
17export TERM=vt100
18export TERMCAP=$GBASEDBTDIR/etc/termcap
19export GBASEDBTTERM=termcap
20export DBTEMP=$GBASEDBTDIR/tmp
21EOF
22
23## 生效环境变量
24source ~/profile.gbaseserver

为了 gbasedbt 用户在登录后自动应用这些环境变量，可以在 .bash_profile 文件中添加：

Bash

1cat<<-\EOF>>~/.bash_profile
2source /home/gbasedbt/profile.gbaseserver
3EOF

然后生效环境变量：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ source ~/profile.gbaseserver

3、配置 onconfig.gbaseserver 参数文件

将 /opt/BASE/gbase/etc/ 目录中的 onconfig.std 文档复制一份，命名为 $ONCONFIG 变量指定的名称 onconfig.gbaseserver：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cd /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/
2[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cp onconfig.std onconfig.gbaseserver
3
4## 查看需要修改的参数的默认配置
5[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cat onconfig.gbaseserver | grep -E "ROOTPATH|SERVERNUM|DBSERVERNAME|TAPEDEV|LTAPEDEV" | grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)"
6## 系统数据库文件存储空间路径
7ROOTPATH $GBASEDBTDIR/tmp/demo_on.rootdbs
8## 实例编号，多实例中每个实例编号要唯一
9SERVERNUM 0
10## 数据库服务器实例名称
11DBSERVERNAME 
12## 用于存储空间备份的磁带设备
13TAPEDEV /dev/tapedev
14## 用于逻辑日志备份的磁带的设备路径
15LTAPEDEV /dev/tapedev

编辑 onconfig.gbaseserver 文件，配置以下参数并保存：

Bash

1ROOTPATH /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs
2SERVERNUM 1
3DBSERVERNAME gbaseserver
4TAPEDEV /dev/null
5LTAPEDEV /dev/null

配置完成后查看参数值是否正确：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cat onconfig.gbaseserver | grep -E "ROOTPATH|SERVERNUM|DBSERVERNAME|TAPEDEV|LTAPEDEV" | grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)"
2ROOTPATH /opt/GBASE/gbase/dbs/rootdbs
3SERVERNUM 1
4DBSERVERNAME gbaseserver 
5TAPEDEV /dev/null
6LTAPEDEV /dev/null

4、配置 sqlhosts.gbaseserver 文件

GBase 8s 数据库使用的监听端口默认为 9088，多实例中每个实例的端口必须唯一。

将 /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/ 目录中的 sqlhosts.std 文档复制一份，命名为环境变量 GBASEDBTSQLHOSTS 指定的名称 sqlhost.gbaseserver：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ cd /opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/
2[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cp sqlhosts.std sqlhosts.gbaseserver
3[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)" sqlhosts.gbaseserver 
4# 实例名  # 网络连接方式 	# IP 		# 端口
5demo_on onipcshm        on_hostname     on_servername

编辑 sqlhosts.gbaseserver 文件，在文件末尾添加相关实例名、网络连接方式、IP 及端口号：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ cat<<-EOF>>/opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/sqlhosts.gbaseserver
2gbaseserver onsoctcp 192.168.6.96 9088
3EOF
4
5[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ grep -v "^\s*\(#\|$\)" sqlhosts.gbaseserver 
6demo_on onipcshm        on_hostname     on_servername
7gbaseserver onsoctcp 192.168.6.96 9088

5、初始化数据库

使用 gbasedbt 用户执行初始化命令：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ oninit -ivy
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3Reading configuration file '/opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbaseserver'...succeeded
4Creating /GBASEDBTTMP/.infxdirs...succeeded
5Allocating and attaching to shared memory...succeeded
6Creating resident pool 4310 kbytes...succeeded
7Creating infos file "/opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/.infos.gbaseserver"...succeeded
8Linking conf file "/opt/GBASE/gbase/etc/.conf.gbaseserver"...succeeded
9Initializing rhead structure...rhlock_t 16384 (512K)... rlock_t (2656K)... Writing to infos file...succeeded
10Initialization of Encryption...succeeded
11Initializing ASF...succeeded
12Initializing Dictionary Cache and SPL Routine Cache...succeeded
13Bringing up ADM VP...succeeded
14Creating VP classes...succeeded
15Forking main_loop thread...succeeded
16Initializing DR structures...succeeded
17Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
18Starting tracing...succeeded
19Initializing 8 flushers...succeeded
20Initializing log/checkpoint information...succeeded
21Initializing dbspaces...succeeded
22Opening primary chunks...succeeded
23Validating chunks...succeeded
24Creating database partition...succeeded
25Initialize Async Log Flusher...succeeded
26Starting B-tree Scanner...succeeded
27Init ReadAhead Daemon...succeeded
28Init DB Util Daemon...succeeded
29Initializing DBSPACETEMP list...succeeded
30Init Auto Tuning Daemon...succeeded
31Checking database partition index...succeeded
32Initializing dataskip structure...succeeded
33Checking for temporary tables to drop...succeeded
34Updating Global Row Counter...succeeded
35Forking onmode_mon thread...succeeded
36Creating periodic thread...succeeded
37Creating periodic thread...succeeded
38Starting scheduling system...succeeded
39Verbose output complete: mode = 5

查看数据库实例状态：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s etc]$ onstat -
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3On-Line -- Up 00:01:06 -- 173360 Kbytes

至此，手工创建数据库实例完成。

脚本一键安装

官方提供了 GBase 8s 的一键安装脚本，也就是的安装包中的 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 脚本，这个我们在安装包下载有说过一个 readme 文件中有看到过：

root 用户上传 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 和 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_x86_64.tar 到服务器任意同一目录
root 用户执行 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh

执行示例：

bash AutoInit_GBase8s.sh

示例说明：所有配置使用默认值，具体配置参考安装成功后结果输出

bash AutoInit_GBase8s.sh -i /data/gbase351 -n gbase351 -c 8 -m 4000

示例说明：安装GBase 8s数据库到/data/gbase351目录，实例使用8个CPU逻辑核，使用4G内容

安装最后结果输出如下表示数据库实例安装成功

没错，这就是官方提供的一键安装脚本，GBase 8s 一键安装只需要上传 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 和 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_x86_64.tar 到主机上即可。

这里简单演示一下一键安装脚本的使用：

Bash

1## 安装目录只有 2 个文件
2[root@gbase8s soft]# ll
3-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     21797 Oct 10 12:52 AutoInit_GBase8s.sh
4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 346408960 Oct 10 12:52 GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar

注意：不能提前创建 gbasedbt 用户和安装目录，最好是安装好干净的操作系统，什么都不要修改，然后直接执行脚本一键安装，否则可能会报错：

Bash

1[2024-10-10 16:46:00] The SYSDBA user is: gbasedbt
2[2024-10-10 16:46:00] IPADDR: 0.0.0.0
3[2024-10-10 16:46:00] Datadir: /data/gbase
4User: gbasedbt exists, you must delete gbasedbt user and group !

最简单安装，不加任何参数：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# sh AutoInit_GBase8s.sh 
2[2024-10-10 16:50:33] The SYSDBA user is: gbasedbt
3[2024-10-10 16:50:33] IPADDR: 0.0.0.0
4[2024-10-10 16:50:33] Datadir: /data/gbase
5[2024-10-10 16:50:33] Creating group [gbasedbt] and user [gbasedbt] with HOME [/home/gbase].
6[2024-10-10 16:50:33] Unziping [GBase8sV8.8_TL_3.5.1_3X1.tar].
7[2024-10-10 16:50:34] Check path INSTALL_DIR(/opt/gbase) security.
8[2024-10-10 16:50:34] Execute software install, this will take a moment.
9[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Building ~gbasedbt/.bash_profile .
10[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Building /opt/gbase/etc/sqlhosts .
11[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Building /opt/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbase01 .
12[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Creating DATADIR: /data/gbase .
13[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Change permission for directory: /data/gbase .
14[2024-10-10 16:51:48] Change permission for directory: /data .
15[2024-10-10 16:51:49] Creating file $INSTALL_DIR/etc/upgraded .
16[2024-10-10 16:51:49] Start run database init: oninit -ivy
17Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
18Reading configuration file '/opt/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbase01'...succeeded
19Creating /GBASEDBTTMP/.infxdirs...succeeded
20Allocating and attaching to shared memory...succeeded
21Creating resident pool 4310 kbytes...succeeded
22Creating infos file "/opt/gbase/etc/.infos.gbase01"...succeeded
23Linking conf file "/opt/gbase/etc/.conf.gbase01"...succeeded
24Initializing rhead structure...rhlock_t 16384 (512K)... rlock_t (2656K)... Writing to infos file...succeeded
25Initialization of Encryption...succeeded
26Initializing ASF...succeeded
27Initializing Dictionary Cache and SPL Routine Cache...succeeded
28Bringing up ADM VP...succeeded
29Creating VP classes...succeeded
30Forking main_loop thread...succeeded
31Initializing DR structures...succeeded
32Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
33Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
34Starting tracing...succeeded
35Initializing 8 flushers...succeeded
36Initializing log/checkpoint information...succeeded
37Initializing dbspaces...succeeded
38Opening primary chunks...succeeded
39Validating chunks...succeeded
40Creating database partition...succeeded
41Initialize Async Log Flusher...succeeded
42Starting B-tree Scanner...succeeded
43Init ReadAhead Daemon...succeeded
44Init DB Util Daemon...succeeded
45Initializing DBSPACETEMP list...succeeded
46Init Auto Tuning Daemon...succeeded
47Checking database partition index...succeeded
48Initializing dataskip structure...succeeded
49Checking for temporary tables to drop...succeeded
50Updating Global Row Counter...succeeded
51Forking onmode_mon thread...succeeded
52Creating periodic thread...succeeded
53Creating periodic thread...succeeded
54Starting scheduling system...succeeded
55Verbose output complete: mode = 5
56OK
57[2024-10-10 16:51:58] Creating system database.........
58[2024-10-10 16:52:24] Creating dbspace plogdbs.
59[2024-10-10 16:52:27] Creating dbspace llogdbs.
60[2024-10-10 16:52:32] Creating smart blob space sbspace01
61[2024-10-10 16:52:39] Creating dbspace tempdbs01
62[2024-10-10 16:52:45] Creating dbspace datadbs01
63[2024-10-10 16:52:59] Changing auto extend able on for chunk datadbs01
64[2024-10-10 16:53:01] Creating default user for mapping user
65[2024-10-10 16:53:02] Moving physical log to plogdbs.
66[2024-10-10 16:53:09] Adding 10 logical log file in llogdbs.
67[2024-10-10 16:53:20] Moving CURRENT logical log to new logical file.
68Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
69Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
70Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
71Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
72Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
73Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
74[2024-10-10 16:53:25] Droping logical log file which in rootdbs.
75[2024-10-10 16:53:26] Create database testdb.
76[2024-10-10 16:53:28] Optimizing database config.
77[2024-10-10 16:53:28] Restart GBase 8s Database Server.
78Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
79Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
80Reading configuration file '/opt/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbase01'...succeeded
81Creating /GBASEDBTTMP/.infxdirs...succeeded
82Allocating and attaching to shared memory...succeeded
83Creating resident pool 142722 kbytes...succeeded
84Creating infos file "/opt/gbase/etc/.infos.gbase01"...succeeded
85Linking conf file "/opt/gbase/etc/.conf.gbase01"...succeeded
86Initializing rhead structure...rhlock_t 131072 (4096K)... rlock_t (132812K)... Writing to infos file...succeeded
87Initialization of Encryption...succeeded
88Initializing ASF...succeeded
89Initializing Dictionary Cache and SPL Routine Cache...succeeded
90Bringing up ADM VP...succeeded
91Creating VP classes...succeeded
92Forking main_loop thread...succeeded
93Initializing DR structures...succeeded
94Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
95Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
96Starting tracing...succeeded
97Initializing 32 flushers...succeeded
98Initializing SDS Server network connections...succeeded
99Initializing log/checkpoint information...succeeded
100Initializing dbspaces...succeeded
101Opening primary chunks...succeeded
102Validating chunks...succeeded
103Initialize Async Log Flusher...succeeded
104Starting B-tree Scanner...succeeded
105Init ReadAhead Daemon...succeeded
106Init DB Util Daemon...succeeded
107Initializing DBSPACETEMP list...succeeded
108Init Auto Tuning Daemon...succeeded
109Checking database partition index...succeeded
110Initializing dataskip structure...succeeded
111Checking for temporary tables to drop...succeeded
112Updating Global Row Counter...succeeded
113Forking onmode_mon thread...succeeded
114Creating periodic thread...succeeded
115Creating periodic thread...succeeded
116Starting scheduling system...succeeded
117Verbose output complete: mode = 5
118[2024-10-10 16:53:49] Set audit mask.
119[2024-10-10 16:53:49] Finish.
120
121--== GBase 8s Information for this install ==--
122$GBASEDBTSERVER : gbase01
123$GBASEDBTDIR    : /opt/gbase
124USER HOME       : /home/gbase
125DBSPACE DIR     : /data/gbase
126IP ADDRESS      : 0.0.0.0
127PORT NUMBER     : 9088
128$DB_LOCALE      : zh_CN.utf8
129$CLIENT_LOCALE  : zh_CN.utf8
130JDBC URL        : jdbc:gbasedbt-sqli://IPADDR:9088/testdb:GBASEDBTSERVER=gbase01;DB_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_CN.utf8;IFX_LOCK_MODE_WAIT=10
131JDBC USERNAME   : gbasedbt
132JDBC PASSWORD   : GBase123$%
133INNER USERNAME  : dbtuser
134INNER PASSWORD  : GBase123$%
135
136You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root

以上为完整安装过程，在安装日志的最后提供了数据库实例的相关信息，一键安装完成后，查看数据库状态：

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onstat -
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3On-Line -- Up 00:00:51 -- 3378128 Kbytes

数据库实例状态正常。

关于一键安装脚本的具体使用可以查看 help 帮助，了解每个参数的作用之后，进行自定义配置：

Bash

1脚本参数说明
2Usage:
3    AutoInit_GBase8s.sh [-d path] [-i path] [-p path] [-s y|n] [-l locale] [-u user] [-o y|n] 
4	                    [-n servername] [-c num_of_cpu] [-m num_of_memory] [-t type_of_instance]
5
6        -d path    The path of dbspace.
7        -i path    The path of install software.
8        -p path    The path of home path.
9        -s y|n     Value of dbspace is 1GB? Yes/No, default is N.
10        -u user    The user name for SYSDBA, gbasedbt, default is gbasedbt
11        -l locale  DB_LOCALE/CLIENT_LOCALE/SERVER_LOCALE value.
12        -o y|n     Only install software? Yes/No, default is N.
13        -n NAME    Servername, default is gbase01.
14        -c NUM     Number of CPU use.
15        -m NUM     Number of MB Memory use.
16        -t TYPE    Type of instance will install, [small], if use this, ignore -c and -m. 
17        -a y|n     Security need, default N.
18
19-d  指定数据库空间目录，默认为/data/gbase（若该目录非空，则使用INSTALL_DIR/data）
20-i  指定数据库软件安装目录INSTALL_DIR，默认为/opt/gbase
21-p  指定数据库用户gbasedbt的HOME目录，默认为/home/gbase
22-s  数据库空间是否均使用1GB，默认是n（所有数据库空间均使用1GB大小）
23-u  指定数据库系统管理员的名称，仅限gbasedbt,可以不指定该参数
24-l  指定数据库的DB_LOCALE/CLIENT_LOCALE参数值，默认为zh_CN.utf8
25-o  指定仅安装数据库，而不进行初始化操作，默认是n（安装并初始化数据库）
26-n  指定数据库服务名称
27-c  指定使用的CPU数量
28-m  指定使用的内存数量，单位为MB
29-t  指定安装的实例类型，当前可接受small
30-a  指定是否开启三权分立，默认是n

更多玩法自行模式，这个脚本内容也是开源的，可以自行查看，写的相对有些简陋，但是能看懂大概逻辑就行。

GBase 8s 使用

查看数据库状态

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onstat -
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3On-Line -- Up 00:12:45 -- 3378128 Kbytes

关闭数据库

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onmode -ky
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00

开启数据库

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ oninit -vy
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3 12176
4Reading configuration file '/opt/gbase/etc/onconfig.gbase01'...succeeded
5Creating /GBASEDBTTMP/.infxdirs...succeeded
6Allocating and attaching to shared memory...succeeded
7Creating resident pool 142722 kbytes...succeeded
8Creating infos file "/opt/gbase/etc/.infos.gbase01"...succeeded
9Linking conf file "/opt/gbase/etc/.conf.gbase01"...succeeded
10Initializing rhead structure...rhlock_t 131072 (4096K)... rlock_t (132812K)... Writing to infos file...succeeded
11Initialization of Encryption...succeeded
12Initializing ASF...succeeded
13Initializing Dictionary Cache and SPL Routine Cache...succeeded
14Bringing up ADM VP...succeeded
15Creating VP classes...succeeded
16Forking main_loop thread...succeeded
17Initializing DR structures...succeeded
18Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
19Forking 1 'soctcp' listener threads...succeeded
20Starting tracing...succeeded
21Initializing 32 flushers...succeeded
22Initializing SDS Server network connections...succeeded
23Initializing log/checkpoint information...succeeded
24Initializing dbspaces...succeeded
25Opening primary chunks...succeeded
26Validating chunks...succeeded
27Initialize Async Log Flusher...succeeded
28Starting B-tree Scanner...succeeded
29Init ReadAhead Daemon...succeeded
30Init DB Util Daemon...succeeded
31Initializing DBSPACETEMP list...succeeded
32Init Auto Tuning Daemon...succeeded
33Checking database partition index...succeeded
34Initializing dataskip structure...succeeded
35Checking for temporary tables to drop...succeeded
36Updating Global Row Counter...succeeded
37Forking onmode_mon thread...succeeded
38Creating periodic thread...succeeded
39Creating periodic thread...succeeded
40Starting scheduling system...succeeded
41Verbose output complete: mode = 5

连接数据库

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ dbaccess - -
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3> create database gbase8s;
4
5Database created.
6
7Elapsed time: 0.751 sec
8
9> create database lucifer;
10
11Database closed.
12
13
14Database created.
15
16Elapsed time: 0.593 sec

查看数据库 IP、端口

Bash

1[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onstat -g ntt
2Your evaluation license will expire on 2025-10-10 00:00:00
3On-Line -- Up 00:01:13 -- 3378128 Kbytes
4
5global network information:
6  #netscb connects         read        write    q-free  q-limits  q-exceed alloc/max
7   4/   5        1           13           13    1/   1  380/  10    0/   0    1/   1
8
9Individual thread network information (times):
10          netscb thread name    sid     open     read    write address                  
11        5028fc90 soctcplst        5 17:07:49                   0.0.0.0|9089|soctcp      
12        4eb0ebe0 soctcplst        4 17:07:48 17:08:10          0.0.0.0|9088|soctcp      
13        4eb0cbe0 soctcppoll       3 17:07:49                                            
14        4eb0abe0 soctcppoll       2 17:08:10

数据库常用脚本：

Bash

1## 查看数据库锁
2dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
3select username,sid,waiter,dbsname,tabname,rowidlk,keynum,type 
4from sysmaster:syslocks a,sysmaster:syssessions b
5where b.sid=a.owner and dbsname='lucifer';
6EOF
7
8## 查看表空间使用率
9dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
10SELECT    st.dbsname databasename,    st.tabname,
11    MAX(dbinfo('UTC_TO_DATETIME',sin.ti_created)) createdtime,
12    SUM( sin.ti_nextns ) extents,
13    SUM( sin.ti_nrows ) nrows,
14    MAX( sin.ti_nkeys ) nkeys,
15    MAX( sin.ti_pagesize ) pagesize,
16    SUM( sin.ti_nptotal ) nptotal,
17    round(SUM( sin.ti_nptotal*sd.pagesize )/1024/1024,2)||'MB' total_size,
18    SUM( sin.ti_npused ) npused,
19    round(SUM( sin.ti_npused*sd.pagesize )/1024/1024,2)||'MB' used_size,
20    SUM( sin.ti_npdata ) npdata,
21    round(SUM( sin.ti_npdata*sd.pagesize )/1024/1024,2)||'MB' data_size
22FROM
23    sysmaster:systabnames st,
24    sysmaster:sysdbspaces sd,
25    sysmaster:systabinfo sin
26WHERE
27    sd.dbsnum = trunc(st.partnum / 1048576)
28    AND st.partnum = sin.ti_partnum
29    AND st.dbsname NOT IN ('sysmaster','sysuser','sysadmin','sysutils','sysha','syscdr','syscdcv1')
30    AND st.tabname[1,3] NOT IN ('sys','TBL')
31GROUP BY    1,    2
32ORDER BY    9 DESC;
33EOF
34
35## 查看 dbspace 使用率
36dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
37SELECT A.dbsnum as No, trim(B.name) as name,
38CASE  WHEN (bitval(B.flags,'0x10')>0 AND bitval(B.flags,'0x2')>0)
39 THEN 'MirroredBlobspace'
40 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x10')>0  THEN 'Blobspace'
41 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x2000')>0 AND bitval(B.flags,'0x8000')>0
42 THEN 'TempSbspace'
43 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x2000')>0 THEN 'TempDbspace'
44 WHEN (bitval(B.flags,'0x8000')>0 AND bitval(B.flags,'0x2')>0)
45 THEN 'MirroredSbspace'
46 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x8000')>0  THEN 'SmartBlobspace'
47 WHEN bitval(B.flags,'0x2')>0    THEN 'MirroredDbspace'
48       ELSE   'Dbspace'
49END  as dbstype,
50round(sum(chksize)*2/1024/1024,2)||'GB'  as DBS_SIZE ,
51round(sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,udfree))*2/1024/1024,2)||'GB' as free_size,
52case when sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,udfree))*100/sum(decode(mdsize,-1,chksize,udsize))
53    >sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,nfree))*100/sum(decode(mdsize,-1,chksize,mdsize))
54then TRUNC(100-sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,nfree))*100/sum(decode(mdsize,-1,chksize,mdsize)),2)||"%"
55else TRUNC(100-sum(decode(mdsize,-1,nfree,udfree))*100/sum(decode(mdsize,-1,chksize,udsize)),2)||"%"
56   end  as used,
57 TRUNC(MAX(A.pagesize/1024))||"KB" as pgsize,
58 MAX(B.nchunks) as nchunks
59FROM syschktab A, sysdbstab B
60WHERE A.dbsnum = B.dbsnum
61GROUP BY A.dbsnum,name, 3
62ORDER BY A.dbsnum;
63EOF
64
65## 查看数据库信息
66dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
67SELECT trim(name) dbname,trim(owner) owner, created||' T'  created_time,
68TRIM(DBINFO('dbspace',partnum)) AS dbspace,
69CASE WHEN is_logging+is_buff_log=1 THEN "Unbuffered logging"
70    WHEN is_logging+is_buff_log=2 THEN "Buffered logging"
71    WHEN is_logging+is_buff_log=0 THEN "No logging"
72ELSE "" END Logging_mode
73FROM sysdatabases
74where trim(name) not like 'sys%';
75EOF
76
77## 查看实例信息
78dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
79select
80dbinfo('UTC_TO_DATETIME',sh_boottime)||' T' start_time,
81(current year to second - dbinfo('UTC_TO_DATETIME',sh_boottime))||' T'  run_time,
82sh_maxchunks as maxchunks,
83sh_maxdbspaces maxdbspaces,
84sh_maxuserthreads maxuserthreads,
85sh_maxtrans maxtrans,
86sh_maxlocks locks,
87sh_longtx longtxs,
88dbinfo('UTC_TO_DATETIME',sh_pfclrtime)||' T'  onstat_z_running_time
89from sysshmvals;
90EOF
91
92## 查看字符集
93dbaccess sysmaster -  << EOF
94select * from sysdbslocale where dbs_dbsname='lucifer';
95EOF
96
97dbs_dbsname  lucifer
98dbs_collate  zh_CN.57372

GBase 8s 卸载

GBase 8s提供了一个卸载程序，用于卸载 GBase 8s 数据库组件与数据：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s soft]# cd /opt/GBASE/gbase/uninstall/uninstall_ids/
2[root@gbase8s uninstall_ids]# ll uninstallids
3-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 74206 Oct 10 13:25 uninstallids

图形化卸载

启动卸载程序，开始卸载 GBase 8s：

Bash

1[root@devsvr uninstall_ids]# ./uninstallids -i swing

选择移除 GBase 8s 数据库组件和全部的数据库：

等待卸载完成：

GBase 8s 数据库卸载成功。

命令行卸载

启动卸载程序，开始卸载 GBase 8s：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s uninstall_ids]# ./uninstallids
2
3Graphical installers are not supported by the VM. The console mode will be used instead...
4
5
6Graphical installers are not supported by the VM. The console mode will be used instead...
7
8===============================================================================
9GBase Software Bundle                            (created with InstallAnywhere)
10-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11
12Preparing CONSOLE Mode Uninstallation...
13
14
15
16
17===============================================================================
18Uninstall GBase Software Bundle
19-------------------------------
20
21About to uninstall GBase Software Bundle.
22
23In this uninstall process, all GBase Software Bundle products in 
24/opt/GBASE/gbase will be uninstalled.
25It is recommended that you first shutdown all database server instances related
26to this installation prior to uninstalling the product.
27
28PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE: 
29
30
31
32===============================================================================
33Server Uninstall Options
34------------------------
35
36Server action:
37
38Important: Choosing to remove all databases will remove all database chunks, 
39environment files, registry entries, and message log files for all database 
40server instances associated with this installation.
41
42  ->1- Retains all databases, but removes all server binaries
43    2- Removes server binaries and all databases associated with them
44
45ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT:: 2
46
47
48
49
50===============================================================================
51Uninstalling...
52---------------
53
54
55...*
56*
57*************************
58*************************
59*************************
60************************
61...*
62*
63*************************
64*************************
65*************************
66************************
67...*
68*
69*************************
70*************************
71*************************
72************************
73...*
74*
75*************************
76*************************
77*************************
78************************
79...*
80*
81*************************
82*************************
83*************************
84************************
85...*
86*
87*************************
88*************************
89*************************
90*************************
91
92
93
94===============================================================================
95Uninstall Complete
96------------------
97
98Uninstall is complete for GBase Software Bundle.
99
100Product uninstall status:
101GBase: Successful

GBase 8s数据库卸载成功。

清除残余目录

由于卸载程序在 GBase 8s 的安装目录中，因此卸载程序并没有完成清空安装目录，需要我们手动清除：

Bash

1[root@gbase8s ~]# rm -rf /opt/GBASE

至此，GBase 8s 彻底卸载完成。

写在最后

南大通用 GBASE 8s V8.8 最全安装指南（一网打尽） - DBA 学习之路